Causes and ways of detection of dilated cardiomyopathy and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Abstract

Inherited cardiomyopathy has a wide variety and complex symptoms, which can cause a severe burden on the patient's family. Researchers have done a lot of research on inherited cardiomyopathy. Among the five inherited cardiomyopathy under the current classification standard, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and dilated cardiomyopathy are two of the more in-depth studies. Researchers have now identified many of the genes responsible for the two most familiar forms of cardiomyopathy. The pathogenic factors of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy mainly concentrate on the two gene mutations of MYBPC3 and MYH7, and others are fairly rare. The etiology of dilated cardiomyopathy is more complex. LMNA gene variants are relatively common in familial dilated cardiomyopathy. Also, MYH7 and TNNT2 variants are more common causes of this condition. In addition, the researchers discovered part of the pathogenic mechanism of the two diseases and achieved different results of the clinical detection methods and etiological detection methods of the diseases. In clinical testing, myocardial biopsy is still the gold standard, and electrocardiography and echocardiography are widely utilized as clear indicators. In terms of etiology detection, two generations of genetic testing methods with their advantages and disadvantages, but with an accuracy rate higher than 95% have been put into use. This article summarizes information about the two diseases the authors read, including basic information on cardiomyopathy, the gene-level etiology of hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathy, and the role of gene sequencing in disease detection, as well as several commonly available methods for the detection of both types of cardiomyopathy.