Remediation of Heavy Metal Pollution in Soil by Biochar

Abstract

Soil is an important resource for human survival and life, but with the economy and society developing, industrial pollution, agricultural chemicals, domestic sewage, and so on have entered the soil, causing serious soil heavy metal pollution. Soil pollution has concealment and hysteresis. Pollutants in soil are not easy to diffuse and dilute as in water and atmosphere, so they are easy to accumulate in soil and exceed the standard. Due to the demand for environmental protection, the restoration of soil is imminent. Under anoxic conditions, the solid material of the raw material after high-temperature pyrolysis is biochar. It is a soil improvement and adsorption material with high porosity and strong adsorption capacity, so it is widely used in soil remediation of heavy metal pollution. The essential concepts of biochar remediation of soil heavy metal pollution and the factors influencing biochar remediation of heavy metal polluted soil are therefore reviewed in this work and this paper also expounds on the advantages of biochar compared with other remediation methods such as phytoremediation and physical remediation.