Research progress on repair of osteochondral defects

Abstract

In recent years, the incidence of arthritis is getting higher and higher, so the possibility of cartilage injury or even osteochondral defect is also increasing. Osteochondral tissue has also been found to be a complex structure, and a gradient change can be found in its physical properties and microstructure, etc. At present, there are many surgical methods for osteochondral injury, like microfracture, and each surgical procedure has both indications and defects. With the in-dept research of tissue engineering and the appliance of new materials, the research of osteochondral scaffolds is becoming more and more complex. This article not only gives a comprehensive introduction to osteochondral tissue, but also describes the commonly used surgical treatment of osteochondral injury, besides, summarizes the latest research progress of bionic scaffold materials. This review is to summarize the stage of osteochondral tissue repair currently and to provide reference value for the future study of osteochondral tissue repair.