La susceptibilidad de las bromeliáceas epífitas al cambio climático

Abstract

<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:RelyOnVML/> <o:AllowPNG/> <o:TargetScreenSize>800x600</o:TargetScreenSize> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">Las bromeliáceas epífitas son uno de los grupos de plantas más amenazados por el cambio climático global dada su alta sensibilidad a la variación ambiental. En esta revisión abordamos las adaptaciones que poseen las bromeliáceas epífitas para hacer frente a las condiciones ambientales adversas. Asimismo, para brindar un panorama general de su vulnerabilidad, describimos, con ejemplos, las respuestas fisiológicas de estas plantas (principalmente de bromeliáceas epífitas en bosques secos de la península de Yucatán) ante la variación en la disponibilidad de agua, luz y temperatura, así como su variación morfológica. La información analizada sugiere que las bromeliáceas epífitas podrían cambiar su distribución o desaparecer de algunas regiones como consecuencia del cambio climático global, lo que podría repercutir de manera negativa en los ecosistemas en los que estas plantas habitan al reducir la introducción de nutrimentos, la disponibilidad de hábitats para los animales, así como en la biomasa general de los bosques. Por lo tanto, sugerimos que la investigación actual sobre la variación morfo-fisiológica de las bromeliáceas epífitas es fundamental y urgente para generar información que contribuya a la conservación de estas plantas.</span></p><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>ES-MX</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/> <w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/> 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