Author:
Skinner Annie M.,Barker Alan R.,Moore Sarah A.,Soininen Sonja,Haapala Eero A.,Väistö Juuso,Westgate Kate,Brage Soren,Lakka Timo A.,Vlachopoulos Dimitris
Abstract
Abstract
Background
This study aimed to assess whether moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), sport and exercise as a proxy measure of muscle and bone strengthening activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep were associated with total-body-less-head (TBLH) bone mineral content (BMC) and TBLH lean mass cross-sectionally and longitudinally from age 6 to 9 years and age 9 to 11 years to age 15 to 17 years.
Methods
We used longitudinal data from a population sample of Finnish children from the Physical Activity and Nutrition in Children study (age 6 to 9 years: n = 478, 229 females; age 9 to 11 years: n = 384, 197 females; age 15 to 17 years: n = 222, 103 females). Linear regression analysed the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between accelerometer-assessed MVPA, sedentary time and sleep, and questionnaire-assessed sport and exercise participation and screen time with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry-assessed TBLH BMC and lean mass.
Results
In females, MVPA at age 6 to 9 years was positively associated with TBLH BMC at age 15 to 17 years (β = 0.008, p = 0.010). Sport and exercise at age 9 to 11 years was positively associated with TBLH BMC (β = 0.020, p = 0.002) and lean mass (β = 0.343, p = 0.040) at age 15 to 17 years. MVPA at age 9 to 11 years was positively associated with TBLH lean mass (β = 0.272, p = 0.004) at age 15 to 17 years. In males, sleep at age 6 to 9 years was positively associated with TBLH lean mass (β = 0.382, p = 0.003) at age 15 to 17 years. Sport and exercise at age 9 to 11 years was positively associated with TBLH BMC (β = 0.027, p = 0.012) and lean mass (β = 0.721, p < 0.001) at age 15 to 17 years.
Conclusions
Promoting engagement in the 24-hour movement behaviours in childhood, particularly sport and exercise to strengthen muscle and bone, is important in supporting bone and lean mass development in adolescence.
Trial registration
NCT01803776; first trial registration date: 04/03/2013.
Funder
Juho Vainion Säätiö
The Finnish Medical Society Duodecim
Orionin Tutkimussäätiö
Medical Research Council
NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre
Opetus- ja Kulttuuriministeriö
Academy of Finland
Sosiaali- ja Terveysministeriö
Finnish Innovation Fund Sitra
Kela
Suomen Kulttuurirahasto
Lastentautien Tutkimussäätiö
Doctoral Programs in Public Health
Paavo Nurmen Säätiö
Paulon Säätiö
Diabetestutkimussäätiö
Research Committee of the Kuopio University Hospital Catchment Area
Kuopion Yliopistollinen Sairaala
City of Kuopio
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health