Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Invasive group A Streptococcus (iGAS) disease is serious and sometimes life-threatening. The Paediatric Active Enhanced Disease Surveillance (PAEDS) Network collects voluntary notifications from seven major Australian paediatric hospitals on patients with certain conditions, including iGAS disease. Our aims were to: 1) Describe the epidemiological distribution of paediatric iGAS disease in Australia and correlate this with influenza notifications, 2) Identify GAS strains commonly associated with invasive disease in children.
Methods
IGAS and influenza notification data were obtained (from the PAEDS Network and the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, respectively, for the period 1 July 2016 to 30 June 2018). Included iGAS patients had GAS isolated from a normally sterile body site. Data were described according to selected clinical and demographic characteristics, including by age group and Australian State, with proportions and minimum incidence rates estimated.
Results
A total of 181 patients were identified, with most (115, 63.5%) <5 years old. The mean annual minimum incidence rate was 1.6 (95% confidence interval: 1.1–2.3) per 100,000 children across the study period. An epidemiological correlation with the seasonal burden of influenza was noted. Contact prophylaxis was not consistently offered. Of 96 patients with emm-typing results available, 72.9% showed emm-1, −4 or − 12.
Conclusions
Robust surveillance systems and cohesive patient management guidelines are needed. Making iGAS disease nationally notifiable would help facilitate this. Influenza vaccination may contribute to reducing seasonal increases in iGAS incidence. The burden of disease emphasises the need for ongoing progress in GAS vaccine development.
Funder
Shepherd Foundation
National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Reference53 articles.
1. Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne. Clinical Practice Guidelines. 2019; Available from: https://www.rch.org.au/clinicalguide/guideline_index/Invasive_group_A_streptococcal_infections__management_of_household_contacts/
2. Adalat S, Dawson T, Hackett SJ, Clark JE. In association with the British Paediatric surveillance U: toxic shock syndrome surveillance in UK children. Arch Dis Child. 2014;99(12):1078–82.
3. Chen KY, Cheung M, Burgner DP, Curtis N. Toxic shock syndrome in Australian children. Arch Dis Child. 2016;101(8):736–40.
4. Javouhey E, Bolze PA, Jamen C, Lina G, Badiou C, Poyart C, Portefaix A, Tristan A, Laurent F, Bes M, et al. Similarities and differences between staphylococcal and streptococcal toxic shock syndromes in children: results from a 30-case cohort. Front Pediatr. 2018;6:1.
5. O’Loughlin RE, Roberson A, Cieslak PR, Lynfield R, Gershman K, Craig A, Albanese BA, Farley MM, Barrett NL, Spina NL, et al. The epidemiology of invasive group a streptococcal infection and potential vaccine implications: United States, 2000–2004. Clin Infect Dis. 2007;45(7):853–62.
Cited by
32 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献