Rising through the pandemic: a scoping review of quality improvement in public health during the COVID-19 pandemic

Author:

Yin X. Cindy,Pang Michelle,Law Madelyn P.,Guerra Fiona,O’Sullivan Tracey,Laxer Rachel E.,Schwartz Brian,Khan Yasmin

Abstract

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic generated a growing interest in and need for evidence-based tools to facilitate the implementation of emergency management strategies within public health practice. Quality improvement (QI) is a key framework and philosophy to guide organizational emergency response efforts; however, the nature and extent to which it has been used in public health settings during the COVID-19 pandemic remains unclear. Methods We conducted a scoping review of literature published January 2020 – February 2021 and focused on the topic of QI at public health agencies during the COVID-19 pandemic. The search was conducted using four bibliographic databases, in addition to a supplementary grey literature search through custom Google search engines and targeted website search methods. Of the 1,878 peer-reviewed articles assessed, 15 records met the inclusion criteria. An additional 11 relevant records were identified during the grey literature search, for a total of 26 records included in the scoping review. Results Records were organized into five topics: 1) collaborative problem solving and analysis with stakeholders; 2) supporting learning and capacity building in QI; 3) learning from past emergencies; 4) implementing QI methods during COVID-19; and 5) evaluating performance using frameworks/indicators. Conclusions The literature indicates that QI-oriented activities are occurring at the organizational and program levels to enhance COVID-19 response. To optimize the benefits that QI approaches and methodologies may offer, it is important for public health agencies to focus on both widespread integration of QI as part of an organization’s management philosophy and culture, as well as project level activities at all stages of the emergency management cycle.

Funder

Canadian Institutes of Health Research

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

Reference47 articles.

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2. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Public Health and Science. Consensus Statement on Quality in the Public Health System. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2008. Available from: https://www.apha.org/-/media/files/pdf/topics/qi/phqf_consensus_statement_92208.ashx?la=en&hash=4602FEE2A5D675183FB2BA6F62404B9101349F0A. Cited 21 May 2021.

3. Law M, Berry A, Beehler J, Thompson S, Jibb S, Hunter D, et al. Enabling continuous quality improvement in public health: A scoping review. Fort Frances, Ontario: CQI LDCP Team; 2017. Available from: https://www.publichealthontario.ca/-/media/documents/l/2017/ldcp-cqi-scoping-review.pdf?la=en.

4. Seid M, Lotstein D, Williams VL, Nelson C, Leuschner KJ, Diamant A, et al. Quality Improvement in Public Health Emergency Preparedness. Annu Rev Public Health. 2007;28(1):19–31. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.publhealth.28.082206.094104.

5. Lotstein D, Seid M, Ricci K, Leuschner K, Margolis P, Lurie N. Using Quality Improvement Methods To Improve Public Health Emergency Preparedness: PREPARE For Pandemic Influenza. Health Aff. 2008;27:w328–39. https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.27.5.w328.

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