Four in ten married women demands satisfied by modern contraceptives in high fertility sub-Saharan Africa countries: a multilevel analysis of demographic and health surveys

Abstract

Abstract Background Demand satisfied with modern contraceptive can be seen on both a health and economic level. Additionally, family planning helps to regulate fertility, prevent unintended pregnancies and their consequences. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify the magnitude of demand satisfied with modern contraceptive among married/in-union women in ten high fertility sub Saharan African countries. Methods Recent Demographic and Health Surveys that included a weighted sample of 43,745 women of reproductive age provided the data for this study. All statistical analyses were conducted once the data had been weighted, and Stata version 16.0 was used. A multilevel mixed-effect binary logistic regression model was fitted. To determine statistically significant individual and community-level factors associated with demand satisfied for modern contraceptive, odds ratios with a 95% confidence interval was generated. A p-value less than 0.05 was declared as statistical significance. Results Overall, demand satisfied to use modern contraceptive in high fertility sub-Saharan Africa countries was 39.53% (95%CI: 39.06, 39.98). Women aged 25–34 (AOR: 1.34, 95%CI: 1.26, 1.42) and 35–49 (AOR: 1.28, 95%CI: 1.20, 1.38), women education: primary (AOR: 1.35, 95%CI: 1.27, 1.44) and secondary (AOR: 2.05, 95%CI: 1.90, 2.21), husband education: primary (AOR: 1.26, 95%CI: 1.18, 1.35) and secondary (AOR: 1.54, 95%CI: 1.43, 1.66), husband residence (AOR: 1.75, 95%CI: 1.60, 1.91), media exposure (AOR: 1.22, 95%CI: 1.15, 1.29), wealth index: poorer (AOR: 1.1, 95%CI: 1.02, 1.19), middle (AOR: 1.18, 95%CI: 1.08, 1.28), richer (AOR: 1.37, 95%CI: 1.26, 1.49) and richest (AOR: 1.34, 95%CI: 1.56, 1.89), number of children: 4–6 (AOR: 0.48, 95%CI: 0.43, 0.55) and above 6 (AOR: 0.39, 95%CI: 0.29, 0.59), perceived distance to the health facility not big problem (AOR: 1.11, 95%CI: 1.04, 1.15), urban residence (AOR: 1.18, 95%CI: 1.10, 1.27), high community level poverty (AOR: 0.85, 95%CI: 0.74, 0.97) were significantly associated with demand satisfied for modern contraceptives. Conclusion Only four in ten married reproductive age women demands satisfied with modern contraceptives in high fertility Sub Saharan African countries. Modern contraceptives should therefore be more widely available, especially in rural areas and for those living away from health facilities. Also, increasing media exposure and education, providing financial support, and making contraceptive access easier for married women from poor households are important interventions that need to be put in place.