A pooled analysis of risk factors of surgically treated leiomyosarcoma of the colon in adults

Abstract

Abstract Background This current systematic review aimed to evaluate the role of surgical management and risk factors by pooled cases from all identified patients with colonic leiomyosarcomas. Methods The authors searched the Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane databases using the keywords “colonic,” “colon,” and “leiomyosarcoma.” Risk factors of colonic leiomyosarcoma in the pooled cohort were also evaluated. Results Between 1923 and 2019, 41 cases of colonic leiomyosarcoma were identified in 22 (53.7%) males and 19 (46.3%) females, with a mean and median age of 58.7 ± 2.2 years and 56.0 years. According to univariate analysis, smaller tumor size < 8 cm was significantly associated with longer progression-free survival (HR = 6.957, 95% CI 1.405–34.442; p = 0.017), and younger age < 60 years was trending toward better overall survival (HR = 2.765, 95% CI 0.924–8.272; p = 0.069). Conclusions Colonic leiomyosarcomas are rare neoplasms with aggressive clinical behaviors. Age < 60 years and tumor size < 8 cm were favorable factors for patients’ better survival.