The impact of lymphadenectomy on ovarian clear cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Abstract Background Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) shares treatment strategies with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Due to OCCC's rarity, there's a lack of prospective studies on its surgery, resulting in heterogeneous and limited existing data. This study aims to clarify the prognostic significance of lymphadenectomy in OCCC patients. Methods We systematically searched Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar until July 2023 for studies investigating lymphadenectomy's effects on OCCC patients. We calculated pooled hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). This study is registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021270460). Results Among 444 screened articles, seven studies (2883 women) met inclusion criteria. Our analysis revealed that lymphadenectomy significantly improved disease-specific survival (DSS) (HR = 0.76, 95%CI = 0.60–0.95, P = 0.02) and disease-free survival (DFS) (HR = 0.58, 95%CI = 0.34–0.99, P = 0.05). However, it did not significantly affect overall survival (OS) (HR = 0.80, 95%CI = 0.60–1.06, P = 0.12) or progression-free survival (PFS) (HR = 0.95, 95%CI = 0.64–1.42, P = 0.79). Notably, some earlier studies reported no survival benefit, warranting cautious interpretation. Conclusion Lymphadenectomy does not significantly enhance OS and PFS for OCCC but does improve DFS and DSS. Tailoring treatment to individual patient profiles is imperative for optimal outcomes. Precise preoperative or intraoperative lymph node metastasis detection is essential for identifying candidates benefiting from lymphadenectomy. Collaborative international efforts and an OCCC database are pivotal for refining future treatment strategies.