KIT exon 11 and PDGFRA exon 18 gene mutations in gastric GIST: proposal of a short panel for predicting therapeutic response

Abstract

Abstract Background GIST is the most common mesenchymal tumor of gastrointestinal tract and is more frequent in stomach. Its main mutations affect KIT and PDGFRA genes. Full genetic analysis panels are currently used to study mutations in GIST and other tumors. Considering that in gastric GIST KIT gene mutations in exon 11 are sensitive to IM whereas PDGFRΑ gene mutations in exon 18 (D842V) are resistant to the same drug, the aim of this study is to focus on these two molecular targets as a short alternative panel for predicting therapeutic response in gastric GIST which might optimize resources. Methods The genotypes of 38 cases of primary GIST were determined by performing bidirectional DNA sequencing. Results Exon 11 of KIT gene showed mutations in 65.3% and the exon 18 of PDGFRA gene showed 9% of cases. So it was possible to determine a subgroup of tumors which presented mutations in KIT exon 11 and PDGFRA exon 18. Conclusion Considering all of the foregoing analyzed globally, the application of short panel has impact on the cost and time of release of results to the physician, allowing a rapid approach to patients eligible for treatment with the target therapy.