Characterization and in-depth genome analysis of a halotolerant probiotic bacterium Paenibacillus sp. S-12, a multifarious bacterium isolated from Rauvolfia serpentina

Abstract

Abstract Background Members of Paenibacillus genus from diverse habitats have attracted great attention due to their multifarious properties. Considering that members of this genus are mostly free-living in soil, we characterized the genome of a halotolerant environmental isolate belonging to the genus Paenibacillus. The genome mining unravelled the presence of CAZymes, probiotic, and stress-protected genes that suggested strain S-12 for industrial and agricultural purposes. Results Molecular identification by 16 S rRNA gene sequencing showed its closest match to other Paenibacillus species. The complete genome size of S-12 was 5.69 Mb, with a GC-content 46.5%. The genome analysis of S-12 unravelled the presence of an open reading frame (ORF) encoding the functions related to environmental stress tolerance, adhesion processes, multidrug efflux systems, and heavy metal resistance. Genome annotation identified the various genes for chemotaxis, flagellar motility, and biofilm production, illustrating its strong colonization ability. Conclusion The current findings provides the in-depth investigation of a probiotic Paenibacillus bacterium that possessed various genome features that enable the bacterium to survive under diverse conditions. The strain shows the strong ability for probiotic application purposes.