Phenotypical characterization, and antibiotics susceptibility patterns of skin bacteria found in podoconiosis patients in the North West Region of Cameroon
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Published:2023-07-17
Issue:1
Volume:23
Page:
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ISSN:1471-2180
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Container-title:BMC Microbiology
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language:en
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Short-container-title:BMC Microbiol
Author:
Nkwetta Derick Lekealem,Fuen Bangsi Rose,Yenban Njodzeka Flora,Mbiatong Nancielle,Nchanji Gordon Takop,Bonekeh John,Ndzeshang Bertrand Lontum,Gandjui Narcisse Victor Tchamatchoua,Fombad Fanny Fri.,Klarmann-Schulz Ute,Esum Mathias Eyong,Njouendou Abdel Jelil,Cho Jerome Fru,Hoerauf Achim,Ritter Manuel,Wanji Samuel
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Podoconiosis, a non-infectious disease originating from long-term exposure of bare feet to irritant red clay soil is a lifelong, disabling disease with no specific diagnostic tool, classified into 5 stages based on the severity of leg swelling (lymphoedema). Secondary bacterial infections have been suggested to cause acute dermatolymphangioadenitis (ADLA) attacks and drive disease progression. Although the North West Region of Cameroon has a proven history of podoconiosis endemicity, the bacterial composition of lymphoedema due to this condition has not been studied. Thus, this study investigated the leg bacterial diversity of patients who suffered from the lymphoedema and their susceptibility pattern to selected antibiotics.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was carried out in which podoconiosis affected and non-lymphoedema individuals living in the same community were purposively selected. Samples were collected by swabbing the skin between the toes and around the anklebone, then cultured and sub-cultured on nutrient agar to obtain pure isolates. The cultured isolates were then morphologically and biochemically classified using microscopy and analytic profile index test kits, respectively. The disk diffusion technique was used to determine antibiotic susceptibility.
Results
Thirty-three participants were recruited, and 249 bacterial isolates were characterized into 29 genera, 60 species; with 30 (50%) being gram positive rods, 19 (31.7%) gram positive cocci, and 11 (18.3%) gram negative rods. Thirteen gram positive rods, fifteen gram positive cocci, and eight gram negative rods of bacterial species were found only in podoconiosis individuals among which Cellulomonas spp / Microbacterium spp. (2.8%), Staphylococcus lentus (3.3%), and Burkholderia cepacia (4.0%) dominated. 90% (90%) of the bacterial isolates were sensitive to doxycycline, whereas ampicillin had a high level of intermediate resistance, and penicillin G had the greatest resistant profile.
Conclusion
Our findings show that 94 (37.8%) out of 249 described bacterial isolates were exclusively found in the legs of podoconiosis individuals, and their susceptibility pattern to antibiotics was similar to that of others.
Funder
Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Microbiology (medical),Microbiology
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