Author:
Peng Yanchun,Lin Aijie,Luo Baolin,Chen Liangwan,Lin Yanjuan
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The prognostic nutritional index (PNI), a simple and comprehensive predictor of nutritional and immunological health, is connected to cancer and cardiovascular disease. The effects of PNI on myocardial infarction (MI) in individuals with diabetes remain unclear. Thus, we aim to investigate the correlation of PNI with predictive outcomes in this specific population group to inform therapeutic decision-making.
Methods
This prospective observational study included 417 diabetic patients with MI who underwent coronary angiography intervention at Fujian Medical University Union Hospital from May 2017 to May 2020. We collected follow-up and prognostic data from these patients at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months post-procedure via outpatient visits or phone interviews. The main focus of the study was on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in the two years after surgery. Based on the median PNI, patients were categorized into two groups: high PNI (H-PNI) and low PNI (L-PNI). Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS 25.0. Kalpan-Meier survival curves and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis were utilized to examine the associations between preoperative PNI and the prognosis of diabetic patients with MI.
Results
In the study, 417 participants were observed for two years. Of these patients, 159 (38.1%) had MACE. According to the Kaplan–Meier curves, patients in the L-PNI group had more MACE than those in the H-PNI group (log-rank p < 0.001) and had a heightened susceptibility to all categories of MACE. After adjusting for confounding variables, the corrected hazard ratio for developing unstable angina in the L-PNI group was 2.55 (95% CI 1.57–4.14, p < 0.001).
Conclusion
Low PNI levels are associated with MACE after coronary angiography intervention in diabetic patients with myocardial infarction. This highlights the prognostic value of PNI and broadens its potential use in larger populations.
Trial registration: Not applicable.
Funder
the Fujian Provincial Cardiology Centre
the Fifth Batch of Hospital Key Discipline Construction Project
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Reference41 articles.
1. Roth GA, Mensah GA, Johnson CO, Addolorato G, Ammirati E, Baddour LM, Barengo NC, Beaton AZ, Benjamin EJ, Benziger CP, et al. Global burden of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors, 1990–2019. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020;76(25):2982–3021.
2. Health TWCotRoC, China DI. Report on cardiovascular health and diseases in China 2022: an updated summary. Chinese Circul J. 2023; 38(06):583–612.
3. Bhatt DL, Lopes RD, Harrington RA. Diagnosis and treatment of acute coronary syndromes. JAMA. 2022;327(7):662.
4. Schmitt VH, Hobohm L, Munzel T, Wenzel P, Gori T, Keller K. Clinical impact of diabetes mellitus in patients hospitalized for myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J. 2020;41(Supplement_2):ehaa946–1506.
5. Kozakova M, Palombo C. Diabetes mellitus, arterialwall, and cardiovascular risk assessment. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2016;13(2):201.