Anethole improves the developmental competence of porcine embryos by reducing oxidative stress via the sonic hedgehog signaling pathway

Author:

Joo Ye Eun,Jeong Pil-Soo,Lee Sanghoon,Jeon Se-Been,Gwon Min-Ah,Kim Min Ju,Kang Hyo-Gu,Song Bong-Seok,Kim Sun-Uk,Cho Seong-Keun,Sim Bo-WoongORCID

Abstract

Abstract Background Anethole (AN) is an organic antioxidant compound with a benzene ring and is expected to have a positive impact on early embryogenesis in mammals. However, no study has examined the effect of AN on porcine embryonic development. Therefore, we investigated the effect of AN on the development of porcine embryos and the underlying mechanism. Results We cultured porcine in vitro-fertilized embryos in medium with AN (0, 0.3, 0.5, and 1 mg/mL) for 6 d. AN at 0.5 mg/mL significantly increased the blastocyst formation rate, trophectoderm cell number, and cellular survival rate compared to the control. AN-supplemented embryos exhibited significantly lower reactive oxygen species levels and higher glutathione levels than the control. Moreover, AN significantly improved the quantity of mitochondria and mitochondrial membrane potential, and increased the lipid droplet, fatty acid, and ATP levels. Interestingly, the levels of proteins and genes related to the sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathway were significantly increased by AN. Conclusions These results revealed that AN improved the developmental competence of porcine preimplantation embryos by activating SHH signaling against oxidative stress and could be used for large-scale production of high-quality porcine embryos.

Funder

Ministry of Education, Science and Technology

Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

Animal Science and Zoology,Biochemistry,Food Science,Biotechnology

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