Estimating prevalence of subjective cognitive decline in and across international cohort studies of aging: a COSMIC study

Author:

Röhr SusanneORCID, ,Pabst Alexander,Riedel-Heller Steffi G.,Jessen Frank,Turana Yuda,Handajani Yvonne S.,Brayne Carol,Matthews Fiona E.,Stephan Blossom C. M.,Lipton Richard B.,Katz Mindy J.,Wang Cuiling,Guerchet Maëlenn,Preux Pierre-Marie,Mbelesso Pascal,Ritchie Karen,Ancelin Marie-Laure,Carrière Isabelle,Guaita Antonio,Davin Annalisa,Vaccaro Roberta,Kim Ki Woong,Han Ji Won,Suh Seung Wan,Shahar Suzana,Din Normah C.,Vanoh Divya,van Boxtel Martin,Köhler Sebastian,Ganguli Mary,Jacobsen Erin P.,Snitz Beth E.,Anstey Kaarin J.,Cherbuin Nicolas,Kumagai Shuzo,Chen Sanmei,Narazaki Kenji,Ng Tze Pin,Gao Qi,Gwee Xinyi,Brodaty Henry,Kochan Nicole A.,Trollor Julian,Lobo Antonio,López-Antón Raúl,Santabárbara Javier,Crawford John D.,Lipnicki Darren M.,Sachdev Perminder S.

Abstract

Abstract Background Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is recognized as a risk stage for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other dementias, but its prevalence is not well known. We aimed to use uniform criteria to better estimate SCD prevalence across international cohorts. Methods We combined individual participant data for 16 cohorts from 15 countries (members of the COSMIC consortium) and used qualitative and quantitative (Item Response Theory/IRT) harmonization techniques to estimate SCD prevalence. Results The sample comprised 39,387 cognitively unimpaired individuals above age 60. The prevalence of SCD across studies was around one quarter with both qualitative harmonization/QH (23.8%, 95%CI = 23.3–24.4%) and IRT (25.6%, 95%CI = 25.1–26.1%); however, prevalence estimates varied largely between studies (QH 6.1%, 95%CI = 5.1–7.0%, to 52.7%, 95%CI = 47.4–58.0%; IRT: 7.8%, 95%CI = 6.8–8.9%, to 52.7%, 95%CI = 47.4–58.0%). Across studies, SCD prevalence was higher in men than women, in lower levels of education, in Asian and Black African people compared to White people, in lower- and middle-income countries compared to high-income countries, and in studies conducted in later decades. Conclusions SCD is frequent in old age. Having a quarter of older individuals with SCD warrants further investigation of its significance, as a risk stage for AD and other dementias, and of ways to help individuals with SCD who seek medical advice. Moreover, a standardized instrument to measure SCD is needed to overcome the measurement variability currently dominant in the field.

Funder

National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia

National Institute on Aging

The Dementia Momentum Fund

European Social Fund

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

Cognitive Neuroscience,Clinical Neurology,Neurology

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