1. Eschmeyer WN, Fong, JD. California Academy of Sciences. Catalog of fishes: Species by family/subfamily. http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/SpeciesByFamily.asp. Accessed 18 June 2014.
2. Lima FCT, Malabarba LR, Buckup PA, Pezzi da Silva J, Vari RP, Harold A, Benine R, Oyakawa OT, Pavanelli CS, Menezes NA, Lucena CAS, Malabarba MC, Lucena ZMS, Reis RE, Langeani F, Cassati L, Bertaco VA, Moreira C, Lucinda PHF. Genera Incertae Sedis in Characidae. In: Reis RE, Kullander SO, Ferraris CJJ, editors. Check list of the freshwater fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS; 2003. p. 107–71.
3. Weiss FE, Malabarba LR, Malabarba MC. Phylogenetic relationships of Paleotetra, a new characiform fish (Ostariophysi) with two new species from the Eocene-Oligocene of south-eastern Brazil. J Syst Palaeontol. 2012;10:73–86.
4. Mirande JM. Phylogeny of the family Characidae (Teleostei: Characiformes): from characters to taxonomy. Neotrop Ichthyol. 2010;8:385–568.
5. Malabarba LR, Bertaco VA, Carvalho FR, Litz TO. Revalidation of the genus Ectrepopterus Fowler (Teleostei: Characiformes), with the redescription of its type species, E. uruguayensis. Zootaxa. 2012;3204:47–60.