Author:
Luo Lianmei,Cai Zeyu,Zeng Sihui,Wang Lizhu,Kang Zhuang,Yang Ning,Zhang Yaqin
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
To improve the current imaging understanding of MRI or CT for hepatic epithelioid haemangioendothelioma (HEHE) to aid in its successful preoperative diagnosis.
Methods
The imaging features of 15 patients (median age 38.6, range 20–71; 7 M/8 F) from eight institutions with pathologically confirmed HEHE were retrospectively analysed. Additionally, the CT/MR imaging features of 180 patients in 15 literature publications were collected, analysed and compared with our case series.
Results
Fifteen patients underwent CT and MRI (n = 2), CT (n = 9) or MR (n = 8) scans. A total of 92.9% (13/14) of the patients were initially diagnosed with other lesions on imaging. A total of 86.7% (13/15) were multifocal. Nodules (11/15, 73.3%) were predominantly peripheral in distribution (12/15, 80.0%). Some cases were associated with hepatic capsular retraction (13/15, 86.7%), “target signs” (8/15, 53.3%) and “lollipop signs” (5/15, 33.3%). Peripheral enhancement of various shapes in the early phase with a progressive centripetal filling was the most common pattern of enhancement (12/15, 80.0%). Abnormal vascularity was seen in 50.7% (6/15) of the patients. Suspicious tumour thromboses in the inferior vena cava were seen in 3 (20.0%) of the patients. Two of the 15 patients (13.3%) had a history of smoking.
Conclusions
HEHEs have common distinctive features, including multifocal lesions that are predominantly peripheral, “target signs”, “lollipop signs”, hepatic capsular retraction and peripheral enhancement of various shapes in the early phase with progressive centripetal filling. Additional aggressive imaging features that may be valuable clues to the diagnosis can be identified by CT or MRI.
Funder
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging
Cited by
2 articles.
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