Author:
Ahmad Hossam Eddin Khalifa,Darweesh Alaa Eldin Mohamed,Hassaan Shehab Hassan Mahmoud,Nooman Mostafa,Shaaban Islam,Sayed Sayed Mostafa
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Tramadol dependence represents a major medical and legal hazardous phenomenon in the last decade. It is a synthetic opiate analgesic which exerts its therapeutic effect by its action on μ opioid receptors. It has a weak dependence ability. The present study investigated the effect of duration of dependence and daily dose of tramadol on cognitive performance. Cognitive functions were assessed using the following: the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test, Brief Visuospatial Memory Test–Revised (BVMT-R), Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Third Edition (WAIS-III), the P300 (ERP), and conventional electroencephalogram.
Results
There was a non-significant negative correlation between the daily dose of tramadol and cognitive performance as regards IQ, Mini-Mental State Examination, MoCA score, P300 reaction time (μs), and deterioration index (r = − 0.08, P = 0.689; r = − 0.02, P = 0.896; r = − 0.11, P = 0.554; r = − 0.11, P = 0.581, r = − 0.17; P = 0.368, respectively). Additionally, the results showed non-significant negative correlation between the duration of dependence and the cognitive performance (r = − 0.19, P = 0.325; r = − 0.15, P = 0.424; r = − 0.30, P = 0.108; r = − 0.02, P = 0.909; r = − 0.02, P = 0.937, respectively).
Conclusion
Daily dose and duration of tramadol dependence have a negative but non-significant effect on cognitive performance.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Psychiatry and Mental health
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