Author:
Ouédraogo Jean Claude Romaric Pingdwindé,Ilboudo Sylvain,Compaoré Tegwindé Rebeca,Bado Prosper,Nitiéma Mathieu,Ouédraogo Wendlasida Thomas,Ouédraogo Salfo,Zeba Mohamadi,Tougma Alix,Ouédraogo Geoffroy Gueswindé,Ouédraogo Noufou,Ouédraogo Sylvin,Savadogo Léon Gueswendé Blaise
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Dengue fever (DF) is a significant public health concern in Burkina Faso, particularly in the Central Region, previously endemic for malaria. However, limited research has focused on dengue prevalence and associated factors among adult febrile patients in this region. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of symptomatic dengue fever among adults and identify the sociodemographic and clinical determinants of the disease.
Methods
A seroepidemiological cross-sectional study was conducted in the Central Region of Burkina Faso, through a three-stage sampling. Five health facilities, one from each of the region five districts, were purposively selected. Febrile patients aged 16 and older, suspected of having dengue, were included in the study, after consenting. Bivariate analyses and multivariate binary logistic regression were done at a 5% confidence level.
Results
A total of 637 patients between the ages of 16 and 90 years were included. Most of the participants were females (58.71%). Most dengue cases resided in Arrondissement 4 (59.62%), or were present in the Arrondissement 4 at daytime during the previous days (51.92%). 52.90% of the participants knew of dengue. Dengue prevalence was estimated at 8.16% (95% CI: 6.16%-10.57%). The most frequent markers for dengue were immunoglobulins M detected in 4.40% (2.94%-6.29%), followed by Antigen NS1 at 4.24% (95% CI: 2.81%-6.11%). The Antigen NS1 marker was associated with myalgia (p = 0.024), vomiting (p < 0.001), hemorrhagic manifestations (p = 0.001), and anorexia (p < 0.001). Staying at Arrondissement 4 (vs staying at Saaba) during daytime (aOR = 2.36 95% CI: 1.03–5.45; p = 0.044) significantly increased the odds of dengue. Dengue cases were about 3 times more likely to have vomited (aOR = 2.99 95% CI: 1.58–5.64; p = 0.001). Participants knowing of dengue (aOR = 0.53 95% CI: 0.29–0.98; p = 0.042) and those coinfected with malaria (aOR = 0.28 95% CI: 0.14–0.57; p < 0.001) instead had reduced odds of dengue.
Conclusion
The study revealed a relatively high prevalence of symptomatic dengue fever among adults in the Central Region of Burkina Faso in 2022. These findings emphasize the need for continuous surveillance and targeted control measures. The low coinfection of dengue and malaria warrants further investigation.
Funder
Fonds National de la Recherche et de l’Innovation pour le Développement
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Reference25 articles.
1. WHO. Dengue and severe dengue [Internet]. World Health Organization. 2023 . Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dengue-and-severe-dengue. [Cited 2023 Mar 29].
2. Gainor EM, Harris E, LaBeaud AD. Uncovering the burden of dengue in Africa: considerations on magnitude, misdiagnosis, and ancestry. Viruses. 2022;14:233
3. Bhatt S, Gething PW, Brady OJ, Messina JP, Farlow AW, Moyes CL, et al. The global distribution and burden of dengue. Nature. 2013;496:504–7.
4. Stoler J, al Dashti R, Anto F, Fobil JN, Awandare GA. Deconstructing Malaria: West Africa as the next front for dengue fever surveillance and control. Acta Trop. 2014;134:58–65.
5. Simo FBN, Bigna JJ, Kenmoe S, Ndangang MS, Temfack E, Moundipa PF, et al. Dengue virus infection in people residing in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence studies. Sci Rep. 2019;9:13626.