Biological control of nematodes infecting eggplant in Egypt

Abstract

Abstract Background Eggplant is of great renown in Egypt and worldwide as it is favorable and high value vegetable crop. Yet, many plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) can penetrate the roots of this plant and feed on it, causing heavy losses in its yield. Meloidogyne spp. (root-knot nematodes, RKNs) and Rotylenchulus reniformis rank high among these parasites in Egypt. Main body of the abstract This review compiles PPN ecology, biology and economic value from the pest management point of view. Applying production practices and other preventive methods against PPNs should be a priority. Accelerating and unprecedented public concern about excessive use of chemical nematicides leading to health problems, development of pest resistance, and environmental contamination, has boosted interest in developing eco-friendly biologicals as safe substitutional materials. Hence, safe biological control agents (BCAs) are reviewed herein to prove that they are quintessential to nematode control on eggplant in Egypt. Thus, BCAs should reliably operate with other agricultural inputs in integrated pest management programs against eggplant nematodes. Short conclusion A few paradigms are shown herein which foster BCA practical use via additive or synergistic relation with compatible inputs such as compost, chemicals, and manure. Upgrading their delivery techniques, beneficial interaction and persistence in fields with nematode-infected eggplants should be broadly tested and greatly disseminated.