Circular RNA circ_0081001 knockdown enhances methotrexate sensitivity in osteosarcoma cells by regulating miR-494-3p/TGM2 axis

Abstract

Abstract Background Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been shown to participate in the chemoresistance and tumorigenesis of multiple cancers. The purpose of this research was to investigate the function of circ_0081001 in methotrexate (MTX) resistance of osteosarcoma (OS) and its potential molecular mechanism. Methods The expression of circ_0081001, cytochrome P450 family 51 subfamily A member 1 (CYP51A1), and miR-494-3p was detected by qRT-PCR. Cell viability, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, flow cytometry, and transwell assay, respectively. Western blot (WB) assay was used to measure the protein levels of cleaved-caspase3 (cleaved-casp3), E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and transglutaminase-2 (TGM2). The interaction between miR-494-3p and circ_0081001 or TGM2 was predicted by bioinformatics analysis and verified using the dual-luciferase reporter assay. The mice xenograft model was established to investigate the roles of circ_0081001 in MTX resistance of OS in vivo. Results Circ_0081001 and TGM2 were upregulated, and miR-494-3p was downregulated in MTX-resistant OS tissues and cells. Moreover, circ_0081001 interference enhanced cell sensitivity to MTX through promoting apoptosis and inhibiting cell viability and metastasis in vitro. Furthermore, circ_0081001 was identified as a molecular sponge of miR-494-3p to upregulate TGM2 level. In addition, circ_0081001 knockdown inhibited MTX resistance via upregulating miR-494-3p and downregulating TGM2. Besides, circ_0081001 downregulation improved MTX sensitivity of OS in vivo. Conclusion Knockdown of circ_0081001 enhanced MTX sensitivity of OS cells through downregulating TGM2 by sponging miR-494-3p, elucidating a novel regulatory mechanism for chemoresistance of OS and providing a potential circRNA-targeted therapy for OS.