Author:
Dubois Hanna,Creutzfeldt Johan,Manser Tanja
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Patient participation is advocated in various healthcare settings. Instruments for assessment and feedback have been developed to strengthen clinician-patient interaction. In an emergency department context, such instruments are still missing.
The study aimed to develop and test an observation tool for emergency teams’ behaviour regarding patient involvement and collaboration.
Methods
The development of the behavioural observation tool followed a systematic approach. The tool’s content was based on various data sources, i.e., published literature, interview and observational data, and expert consensus. An international expert panel reviewed the content and the rating scale and rated its importance for patient involvement and collaboration in a Delphi process. The feasibility and reliability of the tool were tested by trained observers using video recordings of simulated emergencies. Intraclass correlation (ICC) and Kappa-statistics were performed to test the tool’s inter-rater reliability.
Results
The PIC-ET tool, a 22-item observation instrument was developed in which patient involvement and collaboration behaviours are rated from ‘no’ to ‘high’ using behavioural anchors. Expert agreement was obtained after three Delphi rounds on the tool content, the behavioural anchors and its importance for patient involvement and collaboration.
The content validity was assessed as high, and the tool was found feasible for research. Overall inter-rater reliability was fair (Kappa 0.52).
Conclusions
A novel tool for assessing emergency teams’ behaviour regarding patient involvement and collaboration is introduced. The tool’s psychometric properties were fair to good. Further validation of the PIC-ET tool is recommended for more robust evidence. Future adaptation to different contexts and areas of use, as well as further validity testing may be of value.
Funder
Familjen Kamprads Stiftelse
Löf, the Swedish patient insurance
Karolinska Institute
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Reference58 articles.
1. Alomari AH, Collison J, Hunt L, Wilson NJ. Stressors for emergency department nurses: insights from a cross-sectional survey. J Clin Nurs. 2021;30(7–8):975–85.
2. Davis WD, Dowling Evans D, Fiebig W, Lewis CL. Emergency care: operationalizing the practice through a concept analysis. J Am Assoc Nurse Pract. 2020;32(5):359–66.
3. Greiner AC, Knebel E. “Institute of Medicine Committee on the Health Professions Education (IOM).” In: Health professions education: a bridge to quality. Washington, DC: National Academies Press; 2003.
4. World Health Organization. Exploring patient participation in reducing health-care related safety risks. Copenhagen: World Health Organization; 2013. Available from: http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0010/185779/e96814.pdf.
5. McMillan SS, Kendall E, Sav A, King MA, Whitty JA, Kelly F, et al. Patient-centered approaches to health care: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Med Care Res Rev. 2013;70(6):567–96.