The high methylation level of a novel 151-bp CpG island in the ESR1 gene promoter is associated with a poor breast cancer prognosis

Author:

Quintas-Granados Laura Itzel,Cortés Hernán,Carmen Manuel González-Del,Leyva-Gómez Gerardo,Bustamante-Montes Lilia Patricia,Rodríguez-Morales Miguel,Villegas-Vazquez Edgar Yebran,López-Reyes Israel,Alcaraz-Estrada Sofía Lizeth,Sandoval-Basilio Jorge,Soto-Reyes Ernesto,Sharifi-Rad JavadORCID,Figueroa-González Gabriela,Reyes-Hernández Octavio Daniel

Abstract

Abstract Background The ESR1 gene suffers methylation changes in many types of cancers, including breast cancer (BC), the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women that is also present in men. Methylation at promoter A of ESR1 is the worse prognosis in terms of overall survival; thus, the early detection, prognostic, and prediction of therapy involve some methylation biomarkers. Methods Therefore, our study aimed to examine the methylation levels at the ESR1 gene in samples from Mexican BC patients and its possible association with menopausal status. Results We identified a novel 151-bp CpG island in the promoter A of the ESR1 gene. Interestingly, methylation levels at this CpG island in positive ERα tumors were approximately 50% less than negative ERα or control samples. Furthermore, methylation levels at ESR1 were associated with menopausal status. In postmenopausal patients, the methylation levels were 1.5-fold higher than in premenopausal patients. Finally, according to tumor malignancy, triple-negative cancer subtypes had higher ESR1 methylation levels than luminal/HER2+ or luminal A subtypes. Conclusions Our findings suggest that methylation at this novel CpG island might be a promising prognosis marker

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

Cancer Research,Genetics,Oncology

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