4D Flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance consensus statement: 2023 update
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Published:2023-07-20
Issue:1
Volume:25
Page:
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ISSN:1532-429X
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Container-title:Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance
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language:en
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Short-container-title:J Cardiovasc Magn Reson
Author:
Bissell Malenka M.ORCID, Raimondi Francesca, Ait Ali Lamia, Allen Bradley D., Barker Alex J., Bolger Ann, Burris Nicholas, Carhäll Carl-Johan, Collins Jeremy D., Ebbers Tino, Francois Christopher J., Frydrychowicz Alex, Garg Pankaj, Geiger Julia, Ha Hojin, Hennemuth Anja, Hope Michael D., Hsiao Albert, Johnson Kevin, Kozerke Sebastian, Ma Liliana E., Markl Michael, Martins Duarte, Messina Marci, Oechtering Thekla H., van Ooij Pim, Rigsby Cynthia, Rodriguez-Palomares Jose, Roest Arno A. W., Roldán-Alzate Alejandro, Schnell Susanne, Sotelo Julio, Stuber Matthias, Syed Ali B., Töger Johannes, van der Geest Rob, Westenberg Jos, Zhong Liang, Zhong Yumin, Wieben Oliver, Dyverfeldt Petter
Abstract
AbstractHemodynamic assessment is an integral part of the diagnosis and management of cardiovascular disease. Four-dimensional cardiovascular magnetic resonance flow imaging (4D Flow CMR) allows comprehensive and accurate assessment of flow in a single acquisition. This consensus paper is an update from the 2015 ‘4D Flow CMR Consensus Statement’. We elaborate on 4D Flow CMR sequence options and imaging considerations. The document aims to assist centers starting out with 4D Flow CMR of the heart and great vessels with advice on acquisition parameters, post-processing workflows and integration into clinical practice. Furthermore, we define minimum quality assurance and validation standards for clinical centers. We also address the challenges faced in quality assurance and validation in the research setting. We also include a checklist for recommended publication standards, specifically for 4D Flow CMR. Finally, we discuss the current limitations and the future of 4D Flow CMR. This updated consensus paper will further facilitate widespread adoption of 4D Flow CMR in the clinical workflow across the globe and aid consistently high-quality publication standards.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging,Radiological and Ultrasound Technology
Reference169 articles.
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