Translational design for limited resource settings as demonstrated by Vent-Lock, a 3D-printed ventilator multiplexer
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Published:2022-09-14
Issue:1
Volume:8
Page:
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ISSN:2365-6271
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Container-title:3D Printing in Medicine
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language:en
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Short-container-title:3D Print Med
Author:
Xun Helen,Shallal Christopher,Unger Justin,Tao Runhan,Torres Alberto,Vladimirov Michael,Frye Jenna,Singhala Mohit,Horne Brockett,Kim Bo Soo,Burke Broc,Montana Michael,Talcott Michael,Winters Bradford,Frisella Margaret,Kushner Bradley S.,Sacks Justin M.,Guest James K.,Kang Sung Hoon,Caffrey Julie
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Mechanical ventilators are essential to patients who become critically ill with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and shortages have been reported due to the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
Methods
We utilized 3D printing (3DP) technology to rapidly prototype and test critical components for a novel ventilator multiplexer system, Vent-Lock, to split one ventilator or anesthesia gas machine between two patients. FloRest, a novel 3DP flow restrictor, provides clinicians control of tidal volumes and positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP), using the 3DP manometer adaptor to monitor pressures. We tested the ventilator splitter circuit in simulation centers between artificial lungs and used an anesthesia gas machine to successfully ventilate two swine.
Results
As one of the first studies to demonstrate splitting one anesthesia gas machine between two swine, we present proof-of-concept of a de novo, closed, multiplexing system, with flow restriction for potential individualized patient therapy.
Conclusions
While possible, due to the complexity, need for experienced operators, and associated risks, ventilator multiplexing should only be reserved for urgent situations with no other alternatives. Our report underscores the initial design and engineering considerations required for rapid medical device prototyping via 3D printing in limited resource environments, including considerations for design, material selection, production, and distribution. We note that optimization of engineering may minimize 3D printing production risks but may not address the inherent risks of the device or change its indications. Thus, our case report provides insights to inform future rapid prototyping of medical devices.
Funder
Johns Hopkins University President’s Response to COVID-19 Fund
U.S. Army Research Office NDSEG Fellowship
Department of Civil and Systems Engineering and Johns Hopkins Center for Additive Manufacturing and Architected Materials
NASA Space Technology Research Fellowship
National Science Foundation
Start-Up Fund from the Whiting School of Engineering
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Computer Science Applications,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging,Biomedical Engineering
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