Parasitological and epidemiological studies of Wuchereria bancrofti in Imobi, Ijebu East, Local Government Area of Ogun State, South Western Nigeria

Abstract

Abstract Background Lymphatic filariasis is a mosquito-borne parasitic disease caused by Wuchereria bancrofti. It is a neglected tropical disease that constitutes a public health challenge in rural endemic communities in Nigeria. This is a debilitating disease of global concern, because of its effect on per capital income and its stigmatization on affected individuals. The Program for Elimination for Lymphatic filariasis has set a goal towards possible elimination. Results Communities in Imobi, in Ijedu East Local Government Area in Ogun State, have been undergoing Mass Drug Administration (MDA). However, there is need for a baseline data to assess, monitor and evaluate the progress of MDA in these communities towards eventual elimination. Systematic random sampling and cluster survey were used to gather 246 participants from six communities in Imobi to a central point at the Local Government Health Centre. Parasitological diagnosis was done using microscopy, while structured questionnaires, which probed into respondents Knowledge, Attitude and Practices, were administered. An overall prevalence of 50 (20.3%) was observed with 17 (21.5%) males being more infected than 24 (19.8%) females. Prevalence of infection was significantly higher in younger age groups 4 (28.6%) than in older age groups 20 (14.6%) at p < 0.05. Overall microfilarial density of 25.7 mf/ml was obtained among infected population. Microfilariae prevalence was not observed in people that had received treatment with both albendazole and ivermectin. Higher prevalence of infection was observed in people who did not made use of Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets 45 (21.1%), than in people who did 5 (15.2%). However, it was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Most of the respondents had little or no knowledge of the disease, its cause, transmission, prevention and treatment. The prevalence level is also higher than 1% for which MDA is required. Conclusions It is recommended that MDA be intensified in the study area, together with vector control and awareness campaign on the disease.