Abstract
Abstract
Background
Ribosomes responsible for transcription and translation of plastid-encoded proteins in chloroplasts are essential for chloroplast development and plant growth. Although most ribosomal proteins in plastids have been identified, the molecular mechanisms regulating chloroplast biogenesis remain to be investigated.
Results
Here, we identified albinic seedling mutant albino seedling lethality 4 (asl4) caused by disruption of 30S ribosomal protein S1 that is targeted to the chloroplast. The mutant was defective in early chloroplast development and chlorophyll (Chl) biosynthesis. A 2855-bp deletion in the ASL4 allele was verified as responsible for the mutant phenotype by complementation tests. Expression analysis revealed that the ASL4 allele was highly expressed in leaf 4 sections and newly expanded leaves during early leaf development. Expression levels were increased by exposure to light following darkness. Some genes involved in chloroplast biogenesis were up-regulated and others down-regulated in asl4 mutant tissues compared to wild type. Plastid-encoded plastid RNA polymerase (PEP)-dependent photosynthesis genes and nuclear-encoded phage-type RNA polymerase (NEP)-dependent housekeeping genes were separately down-regulated and up-regulated, suggesting that plastid transcription was impaired in the mutant. Transcriptome and western blot analyses showed that levels of most plastid-encoded genes and proteins were reduced in the mutant. The decreased contents of chloroplast rRNAs and ribosomal proteins indicated that chloroplast ribosome biogenesis was impaired in the asl4 mutant.
Conclusions
Rice ASL4 encodes 30S ribosomal protein S1, which is targeted to the chloroplast. ASL4 is essential for chloroplast ribosome biogenesis and early chloroplast development. These data will facilitate efforts to further elucidate the molecular mechanism of chloroplast biogenesis.
Funder
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Key Technology Research and Development Program of Anhui
Key Technologies Research and Development Program
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Plant Science,Soil Science,Agronomy and Crop Science
Reference43 articles.
1. Aulin MR, Zhang SP, Kylsten P, Isaksson LA (1993) Ribosome activity and modification of 16S RNA are influenced by deletion of ribosomal protein S20. Mol Microbiol 7(6):983–992. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.1993.tb01190.x
2. Bang WY, Chen J, Jeong IS, Kim SW, Kim CW, Jung HS, Lee KH, Kweon HS, Yoko I, Shiina T (2012) Functional characterization of ObgC in ribosome biogenesis during chloroplast development. Plant J 71(1):122–134. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-313X.2012.04976.x
3. Bryant N, Lloyd J, Sweeney C, Myouga F, Meinke D (2011) Identification of nuclear genes encoding chloroplast-localized proteins required for embryo development in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol 155(4):1678–1689. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.110.168120
4. De Santis-MacIossek G, Kofer W, Bock A, Schoch S, Maier RM, Wanner G, Rüdiger W, Koop HU, Herrmann RG (1999) Targeted disruption of the plastid RNA polymerase genes rpoA, B and C1: molecular biology, biochemistry and ultrastructure. Plant J 18(5):477–489. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-313X.1999.00473.x
5. Gong XD, Jiang Q, Xu JL, Zhang JH, Teng S, Lin DZ, Dong YJ (2013) Disruption of the rice plastid ribosomal protein S20 leads to chloroplast developmental defects and seedling lethality. Genes Genom Genet 3:1769–1777
Cited by
15 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献，注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献，订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献