Author:
Nejad Fatemeh Mohammadi,Mohammadabadi Mohammadreza,Roudbari Zahra,Gorji Abdolvahab Ebrahimpour,Sadkowski Tomasz
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Muscle growth post-birth relies on muscle fiber number and size. Myofibre number, metabolic and contractile capacities are established pre-birth during prenatal myogenesis. The aim of this study was to identify genes involved in skeletal muscle development in cattle, sheep, and pigs - livestock.
Results
The cattle analysis showed significant differences in 5043 genes during the 135–280 dpc period. In sheep, 444 genes differed significantly during the 70–120 dpc period. Pigs had 905 significantly different genes for the 63–91 dpc period.The biological processes and KEGG pathway enrichment results in each species individually indicated that DEGs in cattle were significantly enriched in regulation of cell proliferation, cell division, focal adhesion, ECM-receptor interaction, and signaling pathways (PI3K-Akt, PPAR, MAPK, AMPK, Ras, Rap1); in sheep - positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation, negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation, focal adhesion, ECM-receptor interaction, insulin resistance, and signaling pathways (PI3K-Akt, HIF-1, prolactin, Rap1, PPAR); in pigs - regulation of striated muscle tissue development, collagen fibril organization, positive regulation of insulin secretion, focal adhesion, ECM-receptor interaction, and signaling pathways (PPAR, FoxO, HIF-1, AMPK). Among the DEGs common for studied animal species, 45 common genes were identified. Based on these, a protein-protein interaction network was created and three significant modules critical for skeletal muscle myogenesis were found, with the most significant module A containing four recognized hub genes - EGFR, VEGFA, CDH1, and CAV1. Using the miRWALK and TF2DNA databases, miRNAs (bta-miR-2374 and bta-miR-744) and transcription factors (CEBPB, KLF15, RELA, ZNF143, ZBTB48, and REST) associated with hub genes were detected. Analysis of GO term and KEGG pathways showed that such processes are related to myogenesis and associated with module A: positive regulation of MAP kinase activity, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, insulin-like growth factor binding, focal adhesion, and signaling pathways (PI3K-Akt, HIF-1, Rap1, Ras, MAPK).
Conclusions
The identified genes, common to the prenatal developmental period of skeletal muscle in livestock, are critical for later muscle development, including its growth by hypertrophy. They regulate valuable economic characteristics. Enhancing and breeding animals according to the recognized genes seems essential for breeders to achieve superior gains in high-quality muscle mass.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Reference55 articles.
1. Bentzinger CF, Wang YX, Rudnicki MA. Building muscle: molecular regulation of myogenesis. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. Cold Spring Harbor Lab. 2012;4(2):a008342.
2. Bordbar F, Mohammadabadi M, Jensen J, Xu L, Li J, Zhang L. Identification of candidate genes regulating carcass depth and Hind leg circumference in simmental beef cattle using Illumina bovine beadchip and next-generation sequencing analyses. Anim MDPI. 2022;12(9):1103.
3. Safaei SMH, Dadpasand M, Mohammadabadi M, Atashi H, Stavetska R, Klopenko N, et al. An Origanum majorana Leaf Diet influences Myogenin Gene expression, performance, and carcass characteristics in lambs. Anim MDPI. 2022;13(1):14.
4. Lee ASJ, Harris J, Bate M, Vijayraghavan K, Fisher L, Tajbakhsh S, et al. Initiation of primary myogenesis in amniote limb muscles. Dev Dyn Wiley Online Libr. 2013;242(9):1043–55.
5. Chang EI, Rozance PJ, Wesolowski SR, Nguyen LM, Shaw SC, Sclafani RA, et al. Rates of myogenesis and myofiber numbers are reduced in late gestation IUGR fetal sheep. J Endocrinol Bioscientifica Ltd. 2020;244(2):339–52.