Author:
Liao Jiawen,Zhang Yi,Yang Zhenchun,Qiu Chenyu,Chen Wu,Zhang Junfeng Jim,Berhane Kiros,Bai Zhipeng,Han Bin,Xu Jia,Jiang Yong-hui,Gilliland Frank,Yan Weili,Huang Guoying,Chen Zhanghua
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Few studies have assessed air pollution exposure association with birthweight during both preconception and gestational periods.
Methods
Leveraging a preconception cohort consisting of 14220 pregnant women and newborn children in Shanghai, China during 2016–2018, we aim to assess associations of NO2 and PM2.5 exposure, derived from high-resolution spatial-temporal models, during preconception and gestational periods with outcomes including term birthweight, birthweight Z-score, small-for-gestational age (SGA) and large-for-gestational age (LGA). Linear and logistic regressions were used to estimate 3-month preconception and trimester-averaged air pollution exposure associations; and distributed lag models (DLM) were used to identify critical exposure windows at the weekly resolution from preconception to delivery. Two-pollutant models and children’s sex-specific associations were explored.
Results
After controlling for covariates, one standard deviation (SD) (11.5 μg/m3, equivalent to 6.1 ppb) increase in NO2 exposure during the second and the third trimester was associated with 13% (95% confidence interval: 2 – 26%) and 14% (95% CI: 1 – 29%) increase in SGA, respectively; and one SD (9.6 μg/m3) increase in PM2.5 exposure during the third trimester was associated with 15% (95% CI: 1 – 31%) increase in SGA. No association have been found for outcomes of birthweight, birthweight Z-score and LGA. DLM found that gestational weeks 22–32 were a critical window, when NO2 exposure had strongest associations with SGA. The associations of air pollution exposure tended to be stronger in female newborns than in male newborns. However, no significant associations of air pollution exposure during preconception period on birthweight outcomes were found.
Conclusion
Consistent with previous studies, we found that air pollution exposure during mid-to-late pregnancy was associated with adverse birthweight outcomes.
Funder
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
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