Author:
Ghaffari Hadi,Tavakoli Ahmad,Moradi Abdolvahab,Tabarraei Alijan,Bokharaei-Salim Farah,Zahmatkeshan Masoumeh,Farahmand Mohammad,Javanmard Davod,Kiani Seyed Jalal,Esghaei Maryam,Pirhajati-Mahabadi Vahid,Monavari Seyed Hamidreza,Ataei-Pirkooh Angila
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Currently available anti-influenza drugs are often associated with limitations such as toxicity and the appearance of drug-resistant strains. Therefore, there is a pressing need for the development of novel, safe and more efficient antiviral agents. In this study, we evaluated the antiviral activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) and PEGylated zinc oxide nanoparticles against H1N1 influenza virus.
Methods
The nanoparticles were characterized using the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, x-ray diffraction analysis, and electron microscopy. MTT assay was applied to assess the cytotoxicity of the nanoparticles, and anti-influenza activity was determined by TCID50 and quantitative Real-Time PCR assays. To study the inhibitory impact of nanoparticles on the expression of viral antigens, an indirect immunofluorescence assay was also performed.
Results
Post-exposure of influenza virus with PEGylated ZnO-NPs and bare ZnO-NPs at the highest non-toxic concentrations could be led to 2.8 and 1.2 log10 TCID50 reduction in virus titer when compared to the virus control, respectively (P < 0.0001). At the highest non-toxic concentrations, the PEGylated and unPEGylated ZnO-NPs led to inhibition rates of 94.6% and 52.2%, respectively, which were calculated based on the viral loads. There was a substantial decrease in fluorescence emission intensity in viral-infected cell treated with PEGylated ZnO-NPs compared to the positive control.
Conclusions
Taken together, our study indicated that PEGylated ZnO-NPs could be a novel, effective, and promising antiviral agent against H1N1 influenza virus infection, and future studies can be designed to explore the exact antiviral mechanism of these nanoparticles.
Funder
iran university of medical sciences
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Pharmacology (medical),Biochemistry (medical),Cell Biology,Clinical Biochemistry,Molecular Biology,General Medicine,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Reference30 articles.
1. Tavakoli A, Rezaei F, NASAB GSF, Adjaminezhad-Fard F, Noroozbabaei Z, Mokhtari-Azad T. The comparison of sensitivity and specificity of ELISA-based microneutralization test with hemagglutination inhibition test to evaluate neutralizing antibody against influenza virus (H1N1). Iran J Public Health. 2017;46(12):1690.
2. World Health Organization.
https://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/influenza-(seasonal)
. Accessed 6 Nov 2018.
3. Keshavarz M, Tavakoli A, Mozaffari Nejad AS, Mokhtari-Azad T, Rezaei F. A review of influenza vaccination among different population groups in Iran. J Clin Diagn Res. 2018;12:6.
4. Moghoofei M, Monavari SH, Mostafaei S, Hadifar S, Ghasemi A, Babaei F, et al. Prevalence of influenza a infection in the M iddle-E ast: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Respir J. 2018;12(5):1787–801.
5. Chaisri U, Chaicumpa W. Evolution of therapeutic antibodies, influenza virus biology, influenza, and influenza immunotherapy. Biomed Res Int. 2018;2018:9747549.
Cited by
278 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献