Author:
Kumar Gaurav,Gupta Sanjeev,Kaur Jaspreet,Pasi Shweta,Baharia Rajendra,Mohanty Ajeet Kumar,Goel Pawan,Sharma Amit,Rahi Manju
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Achieving effective control and elimination of malaria in endemic regions necessitates a comprehensive understanding of local mosquito species responsible for malaria transmission and their susceptibility to insecticides.
Methods
The study was conducted in the highly malaria prone Ujina Primary Health Center of Nuh (Mewat) district of Haryana state of India. Monthly entomological surveys were carried out for adult mosquito collections via indoor resting collections, light trap collections, and pyrethrum spray collections. Larvae were also collected from different breeding sites prevalent in the region. Insecticide resistance bioassay, vector incrimination, blood meal analysis was done with the collected vector mosquitoes.
Results
A total of 34,974 adult Anopheles mosquitoes were caught during the survey period, out of which Anopheles subpictus was predominant (54.7%). Among vectors, Anopheles stephensi was predominant (15.5%) followed by Anopheles culicifacies (10.1%). The Human Blood Index (HBI) in the case of An. culicifacies and An. stephensi was 6.66 and 9.09, respectively. Vector incrimination results revealed Plasmodium vivax positivity rate of 1.6% for An. culicifacies. Both the vector species were found resistant to DDT, malathion and deltamethrin.
Conclusion
The emergence of insecticide resistance in both vector species, compromises the effectiveness of commonly used public health insecticides. Consequently, the implementation of robust insecticide resistance management strategies becomes imperative. To effectively tackle the malaria transmission, a significant shift in vector control strategies is warranted, with careful consideration and adaptation to address specific challenges encountered in malaria elimination efforts.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Reference28 articles.
1. WHO. World malaria report. Geneva: World Health Organization. 2022. https://www.who.int/teams/global-malaria-programme/reports/world-malaria-report-2022. Accessed 30 Mar 2023.
2. NCVBDC. Malaria situation in India. 2022. https://nvbdcp.gov.in/WriteReadData/l892s/70838173921597401184.pdf. Accessed 03 Feb 2023.
3. NVBDCP. National strategic plan for malaria elimination in India 2017–2022. 2017. https://nvbdcp.gov.in/WriteReadData/l892s/nsp_2017-2022.pdf. Accessed 17 Feb 2023.
4. Subbarao SK, Nanda N, Rahi M, Raghavendra K. Biology and bionomics of malaria vectors in India: existing information and what more needs to be known for strategizing elimination of malaria. Malar J. 2019;18:396.
5. Singh US, Amdep FL, Kshiar A, Acharya P, Karumuthil T, Kale S, et al. Characterisation of Anopheles species composition and genetic diversity in Meghalaya, northeast India, using molecular identification tools. Infect Genet Evol. 2023;112: 105450.