Author:
Newby Gretchen,Cotter Chris,Roh Michelle E.,Harvard Kelly,Bennett Adam,Hwang Jimee,Chitnis Nakul,Fine Sydney,Stresman Gillian,Chen Ingrid,Gosling Roly,Hsiang Michelle S.
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Global interest in malaria elimination has prompted research on active test and treat (TaT) strategies.
Methods
A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to assess the effectiveness of TaT strategies to reduce malaria transmission.
Results
A total of 72 empirical research and 24 modelling studies were identified, mainly focused on proactive mass TaT (MTaT) and reactive case detection (RACD) in higher and lower transmission settings, respectively. Ten intervention studies compared MTaT to no MTaT and the evidence for impact on malaria incidence was weak. No intervention studies compared RACD to no RACD. Compared to passive case detection (PCD) alone, PCD + RACD using standard diagnostics increased infection detection 52.7% and 11.3% in low and very low transmission settings, respectively. Using molecular methods increased this detection of infections by 1.4- and 1.1-fold, respectively.
Conclusion
Results suggest MTaT is not effective for reducing transmission. By increasing case detection, surveillance data provided by RACD may indirectly reduce transmission by informing coordinated responses of intervention targeting.
Funder
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
U.S. President’s Malaria Initiative
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Infectious Diseases,Parasitology
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