Author:
Noro Fabrizia,Santonastaso Federica,Marotta Annalisa,Bonaccio Marialaura,Orlandi Sabatino,Tirozzi Alfonsina,Costanzo Simona,De Curtis Amalia,Gianfagna Francesco,Di Castelnuovo Augusto,Brighenti Furio,Cerletti Chiara,Donati Maria Benedetta,de Gaetano Giovanni,Iacoviello Licia,Gialluisi Alessandro,Izzi Benedetta,Iacoviello Licia,de Gaetano Giovanni,Donati Maria Benedetta,Bonaccio Marialaura,Bonanni Americo,Cerletti Chiara,Costanzo Simona,De Curtis Amalia,Di Castelnuovo Augusto,Gialluisi Alessandro,Gianfagna Francesco,Persichillo Mariarosaria,Di Prospero Teresa,Vermylen Jos,Pegoraro Renzo,Spagnolo Antonio,Assanelli Deodato,Rago Livia,Costanzo Simona,Olivieri Marco,Panzera Teresa,Di Castelnuovo Augusto,Bonaccio Marialaura,Costanzo Simona,Esposito Simona,Gialluisi Alessandro,Gianfagna Francesco,Orlandi Sabatino,Ruggiero Emilia,Tirozzi Alfonsina,De Curtis Amalia,Magnacca Sara,Noro Fabrizia,Tirozzi Alfonsina,Persichillo Mariarosaria,Bracone Francesca,Panzera Teresa,Bonanni Americo,
Abstract
Abstract
Background
High dietary glycaemic index (GI) and load (GL) have been associated with increased risk of various cardiometabolic conditions. Among the molecular potential mechanisms underlying this relationship, DNA methylation has been studied, but a direct link between high GI and/or GL of diet and global DNA methylation levels has not been proved yet. We analyzed the associations between GI and GL and global DNA methylation patterns within an Italian population.
Results
Genomic DNA methylation (5mC) and hydroxymethylation (5hmC) levels were measured in 1080 buffy coat samples from participants of the Moli-sani study (mean(SD) = 54.9(11.5) years; 52% women) via ELISA. A 188-item Food Frequency Questionnaire was used to assess food intake and dietary GI and GL for each participant were calculated. Multiple linear regressions were used to investigate the associations between dietary GI and GL and global 5mC and 5hmC levels, as well as the proportion of effect explained by metabolic and inflammatory markers. We found negative associations of GI with both 5mC (β (SE) = − 0.073 (0.027), p = 0.007) and 5hmC (− 0.084 (0.030), p = 0.006), and of GL with 5mC (− 0.14 (0.060), p = 0.014). Circulating biomarkers did not explain the above-mentioned associations. Gender interaction analyses revealed a significant association of the gender-x-GL interaction with 5mC levels, with men showing an inverse association three times as negative as in women (interaction β (SE) = − 0.16 (0.06), p = 0.005).
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that global DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation patterns represent a biomarker of carbohydrate intake. Based on the differential association of GL with 5mC between men and women, further gender-based separate approaches are warranted.
Funder
Pfizer Foundation, Rome, Italy
the Italian Ministry of University and Research Research (MIUR, Rome, Italy)–Programma Triennale di Ricerca
Instrumentation Laboratory, Milan, Italy
the Italian Ministry of Health
HORIZON EUROPE Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Genetics (clinical),Developmental Biology,Genetics,Molecular Biology
Cited by
1 articles.
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