Abstract
AbstractSex differences are prevalent in normal development, physiology and disease pathogeneses. Recent studies have demonstrated that mosaic loss of Y chromosome and aberrant activation of its genes could modify the disease processes in male biased manners. This mini review discusses the nature of the genes on the human Y chromosome and identifies two general categories of genes: those sharing dosage-sensitivity functions with their X homologues and those with testis-specific expression and functions. Mosaic loss of the former disrupts the homeostasis important for the maintenance of health while aberrant activation of the latter promotes pathogenesis in non-gonadal tissues, thereby contributing to genetic predispositions to diseases in men.
Funder
U.S. Department of Defense
U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Cited by
12 articles.
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