Vulnerabilities and integrity of precise point positioning for intelligent transport systems: overview and analysis

Author:

Du YujunORCID,Wang Jinling,Rizos Chris,El-Mowafy Ahmed

Abstract

AbstractThe implementation of Intelligent Transport System (ITS) technology is expected to significantly improve road safety and traffic efficiency. One of the key components of ITS is precise vehicle positioning. Positioning with decimetre to sub-metre accuracy is a fundamental capability for self-driving, and other automated applications. Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Precise Point Positioning (PPP) is an attractive positioning approach for ITS due to its relatively low-cost and flexibility. However, GNSS PPP is vulnerable to several effects, especially those caused by the challenging urban environments, where the ITS technology is most likely needed. To meet the high integrity requirements of ITS applications, it is necessary to carefully analyse potential faults and failures of PPP and to study relevant integrity monitoring methods. In this paper an overview of vulnerabilities of GNSS PPP is presented to identify the faults that need to be monitored when developing PPP integrity monitoring methods. These vulnerabilities are categorised into different groups according to their impact and error sources to assist integrity fault analysis, which is demonstrated with Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) and Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) methods. The main vulnerabilities are discussed in detail, along with their causes, characteristics, impact on users, and related mitigation methods. In addition, research on integrity monitoring methods used for accounting for the threats and faults in PPP for ITS applications is briefly reviewed. Both system-level (network-end) and user-level (user-end) integrity monitoring approaches for PPP are briefly discussed, focusing on their development and the challenges in urban scenarios. Some open issues, on which further efforts should focus, are also identified.

Funder

Australian Research Council

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Reference186 articles.

1. Banville, S., & Langley, R. B. (2012). Cycle-slip correction for single-frequency PPP. In Proceedings of the 25th international technical meeting of the satellite division of the institute of navigation (ION GNSS 2012), Nashville TN, 17–21 September (pp. 3753–3761).

2. Banville, S., Langley, R. B., Saito, S., & Yoshihara, T. (2010). Handling cycle slips in GPS data during ionospheric plasma bubble events. Radio Science, 45(6), 1–14.

3. Becker, M., Zeimetz, P., & Schönemann, E. (2010). Anechoic chamber calibrations of phase center variations for new and existing GNSS signals and potential impacts in IGS processing. In Proceedings of the IGS workshop 2010, Newcastle upon Tyne, England, 28 June–2 July (pp. 1–44).

4. Bertiger, W., Desai, S. D., Haines, B., Harvey, N., Moore, A. W., Owen, S., et al. (2010). Single receiver phase ambiguity resolution with GPS data. Journal of Geodesy, 84(5), 327–337.

5. Bhatti, U. I., & Ochieng, W. Y. (2007). Failure modes and models for integrated GPS/INS systems. Journal of Navigation, 60(2), 327–348.

同舟云学术

1.学者识别学者识别

2.学术分析学术分析

3.人才评估人才评估

"同舟云学术"是以全球学者为主线,采集、加工和组织学术论文而形成的新型学术文献查询和分析系统,可以对全球学者进行文献检索和人才价值评估。用户可以通过关注某些学科领域的顶尖人物而持续追踪该领域的学科进展和研究前沿。经过近期的数据扩容,当前同舟云学术共收录了国内外主流学术期刊6万余种,收集的期刊论文及会议论文总量共计约1.5亿篇,并以每天添加12000余篇中外论文的速度递增。我们也可以为用户提供个性化、定制化的学者数据。欢迎来电咨询!咨询电话:010-8811{复制后删除}0370

www.globalauthorid.com

TOP

Copyright © 2019-2024 北京同舟云网络信息技术有限公司
京公网安备11010802033243号  京ICP备18003416号-3