Author:
Jin Guangzhao,Li Wenjun,Song Feng,Yang Lei,Wen Zhibin,Feng Ying
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Artemisia subg. Seriphidium, one of the most species-diverse groups within Artemisia, grows mainly in arid or semi-arid regions in temperate climates. Some members have considerable medicinal, ecological, and economic value. Previous studies on this subgenus have been limited by a dearth of genetic information and inadequate sampling, hampering our understanding of their phylogenetics and evolutionary history. We therefore sequenced and compared the chloroplast genomes of this subgenus, and evaluated their phylogenetic relationships.
Results
We newly sequenced 18 chloroplast genomes of 16 subg. Seriphidium species and compared them with one previously published taxon. The chloroplast genomes, at 150,586–151,256 bp in length, comprised 133 genes, including 87 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, 8 rRNA genes, and one pseudogene, with GC content of 37.40–37.46%. Comparative analysis showed that genomic structures and gene order were relatively conserved, with only some variation in IR borders. A total of 2203 repeats (1385 SSRs and 818 LDRs) and 8 highly variable loci (trnK – rps16, trnE – ropB, trnT, ndhC – trnV, ndhF, rpl32 – trnL, ndhG – ndhI and ycf1) were detected in subg. Seriphidium chloroplast genomes. Phylogenetic analysis of the whole chloroplast genomes based on maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses resolved subg. Seriphidium as polyphyletic, and segregated into two main clades, with the monospecific sect. Minchunensa embedded within sect. Seriphidium, suggesting that the whole chloroplast genomes can be used as molecular markers to infer the interspecific relationship of subg. Seriphidium taxa.
Conclusion
Our findings reveal inconsistencies between the molecular phylogeny and traditional taxonomy of the subg. Seriphidium and provide new insights into the evolutionary development of this complex taxon. Meanwhile, the whole chloroplast genomes with sufficiently polymorphic can be used as superbarcodes to resolve interspecific relationships in subg. Seriphidium.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Reference89 articles.
1. Vallès J, Garcia S, Hidalgo O, Martín J, Pellicer J, Sanz M, et al. Biology, genome evolution, biotechnological issues and research including applied perspectives in Artemisia (Asteraceae). In: Kader J, Delseny M, editors. Advances in botanical research Vol 60, vol. 60. London: Academic Press; 2011. p. 349–419.
2. Oberprieler C, Himmelreich S, Källersjö M, Vallès J, Watson LE, Vogt R. Anthemideae. In: Funk VA, Susanna A, editors. Systematics, evolution, biogeography of Compositae. Vienna: International Association for Plant Taxonomy; 2009.
3. Bremer K, Humphries C. Generic monograph of the Asteraceae-anthemideae. Bull Nat His Mus. 1993;23:71–177.
4. Valles J, Garnatje T. Artemisia and its allies: genome organization and evolution and their biosystematic, taxonomic, and phylogenetic implications in the artemisiinae and related subtribes (Asteraceae, anthemideae). In: Sharma AK, Sharma A, editors. Plant genome: biodiversity and evolution, vol. 1B, Phanerogams (higher groups): Enfield: M/S Science Publishers; 2005. p. 255–85.
5. Martin I, Torrell M, Korobkov AA, Valles J. Palynological features as a systematic marker in Artemisia L. and related genera (Asteraceae, anthemideae) - II: implications for subtribe artemisiinae delimitation. Plant Biol. 2003;5(1):85–93.