Safety analysis of laboratory parameters in paediatric patients with spinal muscular atrophy treated with nusinersen

Abstract

Abstract Background Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that can be treated with intrathecal nusinersen, an antisense oligonucleotide. In addition to efficacy, safety is a determining factor in the success of any therapy. Here, we aim to assess the safety of nusinersen therapy in paediatric patients with SMA. Methods Laboratory data of paediatric patients with SMA who received nusinersen between October 2019 and May 2022 were retrospectively analysed. Results During the observation period, 46 infants and children aged 2.9 months to 13.6 years received a total of 213 nusinersen doses without safety concerns. Inflammatory markers were stable throughout the study. International normalized ratio was increased by 0.09 per injection. Urea levels were increased by 0.108 mmol/L, and cystatin C decreased by 0.029 mg/L per injection. There were no significant changes in platelet count, activated partial thrombin time, creatinine levels or liver enzyme levels during treatment. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leukocyte count remained stable, and total protein increased by 24.038 mg/L per injection. Conclusion Our data showed that nusinersen therapy is generally safe in children with SMA. Laboratory monitoring did not identify any persistent or significantly abnormal findings. CSF protein should be monitored to gain more insights.