Author:
Yang Limin,Sato Miori,Saito-Abe Mayako,Irahara Makoto,Nishizato Minaho,Sasaki Hatoko,Konishi Mizuho,Ishitsuka Kazue,Mezawa Hidetoshi,Yamamoto-Hanada Kiwako,Ohya Yukihiro,Kamijima Michihiro,Yamazaki Shin,Ohya Yukihiro,Yaegashi Nobuo,Hashimoto Koichi,Mori Chisato,Ito Shuichi,Yamagata Zentaro,Inadera Hidekuni,Nakayama Takeo,Iso Hiroyasu,Shima Masayuki,Kurozawa Youichi,Suganuma Narufumi,Kusuhara Koichi,Katoh Takahiko,Kishi Reiko,
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The study aim was to obtain epidemiological data on vitamin D levels for the pediatric population in Japan. We assessed the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in 2-year-old Japanese children using data from a large ongoing birth cohort study.
Methods
Data for analysis was obtained from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS) and a Sub-Cohort Study (SCS) of JECS. We evaluated the children’s serum 25(OH) D levels by 5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, and 95th percentiles, and the rates of vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency. We also presented a weighted prevalence rate for vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency among all children in JECS.
Results
After excluding children with missing 25(OH)D2 or 25(OH)D3 data, we analyzed 4655 remaining children, of whom 24.7% (95% CI, 23.5–26.0%) had vitamin D deficiency (< 20 ng/mL), and 51.3% (95% CI, 49.8–52.7%) were at risk of vitamin D insufficiency (20–30 ng/mL). The estimated prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency among all children in JECS were 25.4% (95% CI, 24.1–26.7%) and 50.9% (95% CI, 49.4–52.4%). Vitamin D deficiency was found in 22.9% of boys and 26.5% of girls. Median serum 25(OH) D concentrations were lower among participants measured during winter and spring than among those measured in summer and autumn. The highest rate of vitamin D deficiency was observed in Hokkaido, the northernmost prefecture of Japan.
Conclusion
We analyzed data on serum 25(OH) D levels from a birth cohort study and found that vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency are very common among 2-year-old Japanese children. Sex, season, and latitude affect serum 25(OH) D concentrations.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Cited by
7 articles.
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