Author:
Kong Wenwen,Kong Jia,Feng Shuo,Yang TianTian,Xu Lianfei,Shen Boxiong,Bi Yonghong,Lyu Honghong
Abstract
AbstractThe cultivation of microalgae and microalgae–bacteria consortia provide a potential efficient strategy to fix CO2 from waste gas, treat wastewater and produce value-added products subsequently. This paper reviews recent developments in CO2 fixation and wastewater treatment by single microalgae, mixed microalgae and microalgae–bacteria consortia, as well as compares and summarizes the differences in utilizing different microorganisms from different aspects. Compared to monoculture of microalgae, a mixed microalgae and microalgae–bacteria consortium may mitigate environmental risk, obtain high biomass, and improve the efficiency of nutrient removal. The applied microalgae include Chlorella sp., Scenedesmus sp., Pediastrum sp., and Phormidium sp. among others, and most strains belong to Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta. The bacteria in microalgae–bacteria consortia are mainly from activated sludge and specific sewage sources. Bioengineer in CBB cycle in microalgae cells provide effective strategy to achieve improvement of CO2 fixation or a high yield of high-value products. The mechanisms of CO2 fixation and nutrient removal by different microbial systems are also explored and concluded, the importance of microalgae in the technology is proven. After cultivation, microalgae biomass can be harvested through physical, chemical, biological and magnetic separation methods and used to produce high-value by-products, such as biofuel, feed, food, biochar, fertilizer, and pharmaceutical bio-compounds. Although this technology has brought many benefits, some challenging obstacles and limitation remain for industrialization and commercializing.
Graphical Abstract
Funder
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Open Project of the State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology
Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China
Innovative group projects in Hebei Province
the Key Research and Development Projects in Hebei Province
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC