Author:
Estrela-Lima Alessandra,Araújo Márcio SS,Costa-Neto João M,Teixeira-Carvalho Andréa,Barrouin-Melo Stella M,Cardoso Sergio V,Martins-Filho Olindo A,Serakides Rogéria,Cassali Geovanni D
Abstract
AbstractBackgroundThe immune system plays an important role in the multifactorial biologic system during the development of neoplasias. However, the involvement of the inflammatory response in the promotion/control of malignant cells is still controversial, and the cell subsets and the mechanisms involved are poorly investigated. The goal of this study was to characterize the clinical-pathological status and the immunophenotyping profile of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and their association with the animal survival rates in canine mammary carcinomas.MethodsFifty-one animals with mammary carcinomas, classified as carcinomas in mixed tumors-MC-BMT = 31 and carcinomas-MC = 20 were submitted to systematic clinical-pathological analysis (tumor size; presence of lymph node and pulmonary metastasis; clinical stage; histological grade; inflammatory distribution and intensity as well as the lymphocytic infiltrate intensity) and survival rates. Twenty-four animals (MC-BMT = 16 and MC = 8) were elected to the immunophenotypic study performed by flow cytometry.ResultsData analysis demonstrated that clinical stage II-IV and histological grade was I more frequent in MC-BMT as compared to MC. Univariate analysis demonstrated that the intensity of inflammation (moderate/intense) and the proportion of CD4+(≥ 66.7%) or CD8+T-cells (<33.3%) were not associated with worse survival rate. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that only lymphocytic infiltrate intensity ≥ 600 (P= 0.02) remained as independent prognostic factor. Despite the clinical manifestation, the lymphocytes represented the predominant cell type in the tumor infiltrate. The percentage of T-cells was higher in animals with MC-BMT without metastasis, while the percentage of B-lymphocytes was greater in animals with metastasized MC-BMT (P< 0.05). The relative percentage of CD4+T-cells was significantly greater in metastasized tumors (both MC-BMT and MC), (P< 0.05) while the proportion of CD8+T-cells was higher in MC-BMT without metastasis. Consequently, the CD4+/CD8+ratio was significantly increased in both groups with metastasis. Regardless of the tumor type, the animals with high proportions of CD4+and low CD8+T-cells had decreased survival rates.ConclusionThe intensity of lymphocytic infiltrate and probably the relative abundance of the CD4+and CD8+T-lymphocytes may represent important survival prognostic biomarkers for canine mammary carcinomas.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Cancer Research,Genetics,Oncology
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