CT features of calcified micro-gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors: a case series

Abstract

Abstract Background Due to the lack of corresponding clinical symptoms, small calcified gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are often overlooked in clinical practice. Therefore, there is an unmet need to define the imaging features of calcified micro-gastric GISTs to facilitate diagnosis. This study retrospectively analyzed the computed tomography (CT) features of pathologically confirmed calcified micro-gastric GISTs. Methods The medical records (gastroscopy, pre-treatment gastric CT imaging [pre- and post-contrast scans], pathology) of patients with calcified gastric GISTs < 1 cm in diameter confirmed pathologically after endoscopic submucosal dissection, endoscopic submucosal excavation, or endoscopic full-thickness resection were retrospectively reviewed. Results Seven patients had 8 calcified gastric GISTs < 1 cm in diameter. Six patients hadsingle lesions, and 1patients had multiple lesions. Six patients had lesions in the gastric fundus, 1 patient had a lesion in the body of the stomach. Lesions had a mean diameter of 5.2 mm (range, 1.3 mm ~ 7 mm). Unenhanced CT scans showed spots and high-density nodular calcifications in 3 submucosal lesions, 2 lesions in the muscularis propria, and 3 subserosal lesions that protruded outside the stomach. Among the 8 lesions, only two had solid soft tissue components surrounding the calcification, with one of these two showing post contrast enhancement of the solid soft tissue component. Conclusions Novel CT features of gastric GISTs included: commonly found in the gastric antrum, small size (< 1 cm in diameter), calcification, few solid soft tissue components, and no abnormal enhancement in most cases.