Author:
He Yan,Li Weidong,Li Jianan,Xu Changsong,Lu Xiaoke
Abstract
AbstractThe Dalian ("Image missing") Island shipwreck of the Yuan Dynasty (1271–1368 CE) was located in the sea area of Pingtan ("Image missing"), Fujian ("Image missing") Province, China. A total of 603 Longquan ("Image missing") celadon wares were excavated, some of which have been severely corroded. In this study, two celadon specimens with severe corrosion were selected to investigate the corrosion mechanism in the marine environment. Optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM–EDS), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Micro-Raman spectroscopy, and thermal expansion analysis were applied to analyze the microstructure of the glaze, corrosion morphology, and composition of corrosion products, and the corrosion mechanism was discussed in depth. The results showed that these two celadon wares are opaque matt glaze, in which the anorthite crystallization-phase separation structure with low chemical stability was found, which was more likely to be corroded. There are three possible stages in the corrosion process of the glaze. The first stage is mainly the long-term cation exchange reaction. Then, because of the corrosion of the CaO-rich droplet phase and the crystal-glass phase interface layer, the porous structure and many microcracks may be formed, promoting the corrosion process. Finally, many corrosion craters, caused by the shedding of anorthite crystals, may appear on the glaze surface. The quintinite group minerals in the glaze were probably formed during the corrosion process, which may be related to the marine buried environment and the corrosion of the glaze. This study discussed the influencing factors of the corrosion process of celadon wares in the marine environment from the perspective of microstructure for the first time, which is of great significance to the study of the corrosion mechanism of ancient ceramics.
Funder
National Key R&D Program of China
the Independent Deployment Project of Institute of Deep-Sea Technology Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Archaeology,Archaeology,Conservation
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