Intravitreal anti-VEGF treatment for choroidal neovascularization secondary to traumatic choroidal rupture

Abstract

Abstract Background So far only single cases with short follow-up have been reported on the use of intravitreal anti-VEGF for traumatic choroidal neovascularizations (CNV). This paper reports a large case series of patients with CNV secondary to choroidal rupture after ocular trauma receiving intravitreal anti-VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) injections. Methods Fifty-four patients with unilateral choroidal rupture after ocular trauma diagnosed between 2000 and 2016 were retrospectively evaluated. Eleven patients with CNV secondary to choroidal rupture were identified. Five eyes with traumatic secondary CNV were treated with anti-VEGF and were systematically analysed. The other 4 patients with inactive CNV underwent watchful observation. Results Four men and one woman with a mean age of 29 years (SD 12.4; range 19–45) had intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy for traumatic CNV. Another 4 patients with a mean age of 37 years (SD 6.6; range 31–46) presented with inactive CNV and did not receive specific treatment. In all 9 cases the mean interval between the ocular trauma and the diagnosis of CNV was 5.7 months (SD 4.75; range 2–12). In the treatment group per eye 4.2 injections (SD 3.2; range 1–8) were given on average. Four eyes were treated with bevacizumab and one eye with ranibizumab. Regression of CNV was noted in all eyes. In 4 eyes visual acuity (VA) improved, one eye kept stable visual acuity. Conclusions Here, we present the up to now largest case series of traumatic CNV membranes treated with anti-VEGF injections with a mean follow-up period of 5 years. Intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy seems to be safe and effective for secondary CNV after choroidal rupture. Compared to exudative age-related macular degeneration fewer injections are needed to control the disease. Trial registration Retrospective registration with local ethics committee on 21 March 2019. Trial registration number is 19-1368-104.