Exploration on surgery of malignant glaucoma with prolonged absence of the anterior chamber: a retrospective consecutive case series

Abstract

Abstract Objective To evaluate the surgical outcomes of anterior chamber restoration in patients with malignant glaucoma and a prolonged absence of the anterior chamber. Methods Five patients with malignant glaucoma and a long-term absence of the anterior chamber underwent a combination of anterior pars plana vitrectomy (aPPV), phacoemulsification cataract excision, intraocular lens implantation, peripheral iridotomy (PI), goniosynechialysis (GSL) (referred to aPPV + P + I + PI + GSL) at Beijing Tongren Hospital from October 2018 to June 2021. The study compared the changes in their visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP) and medication requirements between the pre-surgery period and their most recent follow-up visit. Results The five patients did not report any discomfort, such as pain, tearing, swelling, etc., in their affected eyes, and maintained a stable restoration of the anterior chamber. Among the affected eyes, only one eye demonstrated improved vision during the follow-up visit, while the remaining four eyes did not show any significant improvement. One eye underwent transscleral cyclophotocoagulation as an additional procedure, while the other four eyes did not require any further surgical intervention. In all cases, the intraocular pressure (IOP) was successfully controlled below 30 mmHg. Post-surgery, four eyes still required cycloplegia treatment, and three eyes continued to rely on eye drops to manage their IOP. Conclusion Despite minimal improvement in vision, surgical intervention successfully restored the anterior chamber in malignant glaucoma patients with a prolonged absence of anterior chamber. This restoration contributed to alleviating subjective complaints of discomfort and delaying eyeball atrophy.