The high sodium condiments and pre-packaged food should be the focus of dietary sodium control in the adult Shanghai population
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Published:2022-08-25
Issue:1
Volume:19
Page:
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ISSN:1743-7075
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Container-title:Nutrition & Metabolism
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Nutr Metab (Lond)
Author:
Wang Zhengyuan,Zhu Zhenni,Cai Hua,Luo Baozhang,Shi Zehuan,Liu Yongping,Xiang Xuesong,Zang Jiajie,Su Jin
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Long-term, excessively high sodium consumption can lead to increased blood pressure, which is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Therefore, we aimed to analyze the dietary sodium intake and food sources to understand the epidemiological characteristics associated with potentially influencing variables in adults from Shanghai.
Methods
Residents aged 15 years and above were randomly selected using multi-stage stratified random sampling in Shanghai. Over 3 days, family condiments were weighed for each 24-h day, and recall surveys were conducted for the same timeframe regarding sodium intake during the spring, summer, autumn, and winter seasons.
Results
The median sodium intake for residents aged 15 years and above was 4.3 g/d in Shanghai, where 55.1% was obtained from cooking salt, 13.2% from sodium condiments, and 22.2% from pre-packaged food. There were no significant differences in total sodium intake or main sources of sodium intake between different seasons. The sodium intake of rural residents > suburban residents > urban residents (P < 0.05). The logistic regression demonstrated that compared to the rural, the people living in urban and suburban consumed less sodium. Compared to the 18–44, the people aged 45–59 and ≥ 60 consumed more sodium (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
Sodium intake is high in Shanghai. The absolute amount of cooking salt is low in Shanghai, and the possibility of further reduction is very little under the existing dietary habit. Limiting high sodium condiments and pre-packaged food is the new key to controlling salt intake in the future.
Funder
the young fund of Shanghai municipal health commission
Outstanding young Talents in the three-year Plan of Shanghai municipal public health system
Chinese Nutrition Society Nutrition Youth Talent Leadership Promotion Support Program
Academic leader in the three-year Plan of Shanghai municipal public health system
Key disciplines in the three-year Plan of Shanghai municipal public health syste
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Nutrition and Dietetics,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism,Medicine (miscellaneous)
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