Two-year changes in body composition and future cardiovascular events: a longitudinal community-based study

Author:

Hu Tingting,Shen Yun,Cao Weijie,Xu Yiting,Wang Yufei,Ma Xiaojing,Bao YuqianORCID

Abstract

AbstractBackgroundThe risk of cardiovascular diseases has rapidly increased among middle-aged and elderly. However, little is known about the relationship of body composition changes with the risk of cardiovascular events among this population in China.We explored the associations of 2-year changes in fat percentage (fat%) and fat-free mass percentage (FFM%) with subsequent cardiovascular events in a middle-aged and elderly community-based cohort.MethodsThis study included 1048 participants (456 men [43.51%], aged 50–80 years) without overt cardiovascular disease, who underwent two examinations during 2013–2014 and 2015–2016. All participants were followed up until 2022 for cardiovascular events. A bioelectrical impedance analyzer was used to calculate fat% and FFM% change.ResultsAt baseline, the median body mass index (BMI), fat%, and FFM% were 23.9 (22.1–25.9) kg/m2, 27.2 (20.8–33.6)%, and 72.8 (66.4–79.2)%, respectively. Two-year changes in fat% and FFM% were 0.31 (− 5.53 to 6.87)% and − 0.12 (− 2.36 to 2.06)%. During an average follow-up of 5.5 years, 86 cardiovascular events (8.21%) occurred. Cox regression models showed that hazard ratios (HRs) of every 2% change in fat% and FFM% for cardiovascular events were 1.04 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01–1.07) and 0.84 (95% CI 0.74–0.95), respectively. Compared with participants with stable fat% (–2% ≤ ⊿fat% < 2%), those with fat% gain ≥ 2% had an increased risk of cardiovascular events (HR 2.07, 95% CI 1.08–3.97). FFM% loss > 8% was associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular events (HR 3.83, 95% CI 1.29–11.4).ConclusionsIn a middle-aged and elderly community-based Chinese population, fat% gain or FFM% loss was associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events.

Funder

Shanghai Pujiang Program

Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission Medical Guide Project

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

Nutrition and Dietetics,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism,Medicine (miscellaneous)

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