Immunological and genomic characterization of Ibizan Hound dogs in an endemic Leishmania infantum region

Author:

Álvarez Luis,Marín-García Pablo-Jesús,Llobat Lola

Abstract

Abstract Background The Ibizan Hound is a canine breed native to the Mediterranean region, where leishmaniosis is an endemic zoonosis. Several studies indicate low prevalence of this disease in these dogs but the underlying molecular mechanism remains unknown. Methods In this study, qualitative immunological and genomic profiles of this breed have been analyzed. Results Our analysis shows relevant differences between the cytokine serum profile of Ibizan Hound dogs and previously published data from other canine strains. Additionally, several genetic risk variants related to the immune response, regulation of the immune system, and genes encoding cytokines and their receptors have been studied. The most relevant genes that presented such fixed polymorphisms were IFNG and IL6R. Other variants with frequencies ≥ 0.7 were found in the genes ARHGAP18, DAPK1, GNAI2, MITF, IL12RB1, LTBP1, SCL28A3, SCL35D2, PTPN22, CIITA, THEMIS, and CD180. Epigenetic regulatory genes such as HEY2 and L3MBTL3 showed also intronic polymorphisms. Conclusions Our analysis and results indicate that the regulation of immune responses is different in Ibizan Hounds compared to other breeds. Future studies are needed to elucidate whether these differences are related to the low prevalence of L. infantum infection in the Ibizan Hound. Graphical Abstract

Funder

Generalitat Valenciana

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

Infectious Diseases,Parasitology

Reference74 articles.

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3. Leontides LS, Saridomichelakis MN, Billinis C, Kontos V, Koutinas AF, Galatos AD, et al. A cross-sectional study of Leishmania spp. infection in clinically healthy dogs with polymerase chain reaction and serology in Greece. Vet Parasitol. 2002;109:19–27.

4. Mohebali M, Malmasi A, Khodabakhsh M, Zarei Z, Akhoundi B, Hajjaran H, et al. Feline leishmaniosis due to Leishmania infantum in Northwest Iran: the role of cats in endemic areas of visceral leishmaniosis. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Rep. 2017;9:13–6.

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