Author:
Peacocke Julia,Lotz Zoe,de Beer Corena,Roux Paul,Mall Anwar S
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Sub-Saharan Africa is the world’s worst HIV-AIDS affected region. More interventions to manage this pandemic are urgently required. Transmission of the virus through an exchange of saliva is rarely known to occur. This project sought to verify statistically previous findings in our laboratory, that crude saliva from uninfected individuals together with its purified mucin components inhibited HIV-1, whilst mucins from infected saliva did not show this inhibition, in an in vitro assay.
Methods
Saliva was extracted in 4 M guanidinium hydrochloride and proteolytic inhibitors at pH 6.5, followed by the isolation of MUC5B and MUC7 by Sepharose 4B gel filtration and further purification of these mucins by density-gradient ultra-centrifugation in caesium chloride. Agarose gel electrophoresis, Western blotting and amino acid compositional analysis determined the size, purity and identity of the mucins. The inhibitory activity of crude saliva and purified MUC5B and MUC7, from HIV negative (n=20) and HIV positive (n=20) donors, was tested by their incubation with subtype C HIV-1 and subsequent infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). PCR was done on tandem repeat regions of MUC5B and MUC7 DNA to investigate whether any association existed between gene polymorphism and susceptibility to infection.
Results
There was an inter-individual variation in the amounts of MUC5B and MUC7 in saliva. In contrast to previous studies, crude saliva and purified mucins from both HIV negative and HIV positive individuals inhibited the infection of HIV-1 in an in vitro assay. DNA analysis of the tandem repeat regions of MUC5B and MUC7 revealed no difference between groups.
Conclusions
Crude saliva and its mucins, MUC5B and MUC7, from both uninfected controls and HIV positive individuals inhibited HIV-1 in an in vitro assay.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Infectious Diseases,Virology
Reference37 articles.
1. : UNAIDS Epidemic Update 2010 GLOBAL REPORT.http://www.unaids.org/globalreport/documents/20101123_GlobalReport_full_en.pdf
2. Habte HH, Mall AS, de Beer C, Lotz ZE, Kahn D: The role of crude human saliva and purified salivary MUC5B and MUC7 mucins in the inhibition of Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 in an inhibition assay. Virol J 2006, 3: 99. 10.1186/1743-422X-3-99
3. Habte HH, de Beer C, Lotz ZE, Roux P, Mall AS: Anti-HIV-1 activity of salivary MUC5B and MUC7 mucins from HIV patients with different CD4 counts. Virol J 2010, 7: 269. 10.1186/1743-422X-7-269
4. Bergey EJ, Cho MI, Blumberg BM, Hammarskjold ML, Rekosh D, Epstein LG, Levine MJ: Interaction of HIV-1 and human salivary mucins. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1994,7(10):995-1002.
5. Baron S, Poast J, Cloyd MW: Why is HIV rarely transmitted by oral secretions? Saliva can disrupt orally shed, infected leukocytes. Arch Intern Med 1999,159(3):303-310. 10.1001/archinte.159.3.303
Cited by
11 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献