Author:
Karimi Nazi,Molaee Ghazaleh,Tarkesh Esfahani Najimeh,Montazeri Ali
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The third stage of labor begins with the baby’s birth and ends with the expulsion of the placenta and embryonic membranes. The prolongation of the third stage of labor, placental retention, subsequent issues such as postpartum hemorrhage, and manual removal of the placenta have adverse outcomes, which eventually affect the positive experience of delivery. The present study aimed to assess the effect of placental cord drainage on the duration of the third stage of labor and to clarify its effects on postpartum hemorrhage, retained placenta, and incidence of manual removal of placenta.
Methods
This study was a parallel-group randomized trial. Four hundred women in the third stage of labor after vaginal delivery were randomized into the drainage (placenta drainage, n = 200) and the control groups (no placenta drainage, n = 200). In both groups, the third stage of labor was performed with the active method, and the placenta was removed using the Brandt-Andrews maneuver with maternal pushing. The duration of the third stage was compared between the two groups as the primary outcome. Also, the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage, retained placenta, and manual removal of placenta was compared.
Results
In all, 175 women in the drainage group and 165 women in the control group were included in the analysis. The third stage of labor was significantly shorter after placental cord drainage. The mean duration of the third stage was 7.09 ± 1.01 minutes in the drainage group, and it was 10.43 ± 3.20 minutes in the control group (P < 0.001). Postpartum hemorrhage, retained placenta, and incidence of manual removal of placenta in the drainage group was significantly less than in the control group.
Conclusion
Placental cord drainage is a simple and non-invasive method of reducing the duration of the third stage of labor. This method does not increase postpartum complications.
Trial registration
IRCT2014041917341N1, retrospectively registered at 15. 10. 2017.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Reference22 articles.
1. Cunningham FG, Levono KL, Bloom SL, Dashe JS, Casey BM, Spong CY, et al. Physiology of labor: phase 3, labor. In: Cunningham FG, Levono KL, Bloom SL, Dashe JS, Casey BM, Spong CY, Hoffman S, editors. Williams obstetrics. 25th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2018. p. 624.
2. Jongkolsiri P, Manotaya S. Placental cord drainage and the effect on the duration of third stage labour, a randomized controlled trial. J Med Assoc Thail. 2009;92(4):457–60.
3. Niebyl JR, Simpson JL, Gabbe SG, Senkarik M, Cooley M. Obstetric hemorrhage. Obstetrics: normal and problem pregnancies. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingston; 2002. p. 503–38.
4. Magann EF, Evans S, Chauhan SP, Lanneau G, Fisk AD, Morrison JC. The length of the third stage of labor and the risk of postpartum hemorrhage. Obstet Gynecol. 2005;105:290–3.
5. Sharma JB, Pundir P, Malhotra M, Arora R. Evaluation of placental drainage as a method of placental delivery in vaginal deliveries. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2005;271(4):343–5.
Cited by
3 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献，注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献，订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献